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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">isplta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4304</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5871</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЛТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21266/2079-4304.2023.242.216-231</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">isplta-17</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ДРЕВЕСИНЫ. БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD. BIO TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Делигнификация соломы пшеницы растворами гидроксида калия с использованием калийного черного щелока в качестве органоминерального удобрения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Delignification of wheat straw with potassium hydroxide solutions using potassium black liquor as an organomineral fertilizer</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вураско</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vurasko</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ВУРАСКО Алеся Валерьевна – заведующая кафедрой технологий целлюлозно-бумажных производств и переработки полимеров, доктор технических наук, профессор</p><p>620100, ул. Сибирский тракт, д. 37, г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>VURASKO Alesya V. – DSc (Technical), Professor of the department technology of pulp and paper industries and polymer processing</p><p>620100. Siberian tract 37. Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vurasko2010@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7428-2878</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шерстобитов</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sherstobitov</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ШЕРСТОБИТОВ Алексей Леонидович – инженер кафедры технологий целлюлозно-бумажных производств и переработки полимеров</p><p>620100, ул. Сибирский тракт, д. 37, г. Екатеринбург</p><p>ResearcherID: AAC -3200-2022</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>SHERSTOBITOV Alexey L. – Engineer of the Department of Technologies of Pulp and Paper Production and Polymer Processing</p><p>620100. Siberian tract 37. Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sherstobitoval@m.usfeu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеев</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageev</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>АГЕЕВ Максим Аркадьевич – доцент кафедры Технологий целлюлозно-бумажных производств и переработки полимеров</p><p>620100, ул. Сибирский тракт, д. 37, г. Екатеринбург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>AGEEV Maksim A. – PhD (Technical), Associate Professor of the department technology of pulp and paper industries and polymer processing</p><p>620100. Siberian tract 37. Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ageevma@m.usfeu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сиваков</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sivakov</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>СИВАКОВ Валерий Павлович – профессор кафедры Технологических машин и технологии машиностроения, доктор технических наук, профессор</p><p>620100. Siberian tract 37. Yekaterinburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>SIVAKOV Valeriy P. – DSc (Technical), Professor Department of Technological Machines and Mechanical Engineering Technology</p><p>620100. Siberian tract 37. Yekaterinburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sivakovvp@m.usfeu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Уральский государственный лесотехнический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ural State Forest Engineering University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>242</issue><fpage>216</fpage><lpage>231</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Вураско А.В., Шерстобитов А.Л., Агеев М.А., Сиваков В.П., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Вураско А.В., Шерстобитов А.Л., Агеев М.А., Сиваков В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vurasko A.V., Sherstobitov A.L., Ageev M.A., Sivakov V.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/17">https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/17</self-uri><abstract><p>При производстве целлюлозы натронным способом из недревесного сырья небольшие предприятия не могут утилизировать черные щелока, так как наличие отдела регенерации экономически оправдано только для крупных целлюлозно- бумажных комбинатов. Эффективно утилизировать отработанные варочные растворы можно при переходе на варку с растворами КОН взамен NaOH и черные щелока использовать как органоминеральное удобрение. Цель исследования – получение целлюлозы из соломы пшеницы с растворами гидроксида калия при различных условиях варки и оценка возможности использования отработанных варочных растворов в качестве органоминерального удобрения. Варки проводили при условиях: гидромодуль 8:1; расход щелочи в ед. К2О и Na2O 10–16% от абсолютно сухого сырья; подъем температуры 60 мин.; варка при температуре 160 С 60 мин. При варке с растворами КОН проводили и изучали стадию пропитки. Из отработанного черного щелока от варки соломы пшеницы с расходом 14% готовили растворы для полива с заданными концентрациями. Дополнительная пропитка дает возможность получить калийную целлюлозу, сопоставимую с натронной по массовой доле лигнина и с меньшей зольностью. Показано, чем выше начальная концентрация варочного раствора при пропитке, тем выше скачок температуры и выше температура при дальнейшей пропитке. Снижение температуры пропитки на 5 С приводит к снижению температуры разогрева суспензии на 0,4–2,3 С, сокращению продолжительности разогрева в 3 раза и ускорению охлаждения системы в среднем в 5 раз. Продолжительность пропитки не более 60 мин. Выявлено, что растворы КОН способствуют лучшему удалению SiO2 из растительного сырья, чем растворы NaOH в заданных условиях варки. Установлено, что отработанный варочный раствор пригоден в качестве органоминерального удобрения с концентрацией 2,8·10–5 г взвешенных веществ в 1 л.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the production of cellulose by the natron method from non-wood raw materials small enterprises cannot dispose of black liquor. It is possible to effectively dispose of used cooking solutions in the transition to cooking with KOH solutions instead of NaOH and black liquor to use as an organomineral fertilizer. The goal of the study was to obtain cellulose from wheat straw with potassium hydroxide solutions under various cooking conditions and to evaluate the possibility of using spent cooking solutions as an organomineral fertilizer. Cooking was carried out under the conditions: hydromodule 8:1; consumption of alkali in units. K2O and Na2О – 10–16% of absolutely dry raw materials; temperature rise 60 min; cooking at 160 C – 60 min. When cooking with KOH solutions, the impregnation stage was carried out and studied. Solutions for irrigation with specified concentrations were prepared from the spent black liquor from cooking wheat straw with a consumption of 14%. Additional impregnation makes it possible to obtain potassium cellulose comparable to sodium in terms of the mass fraction of lignin and with a lower ash content. A decrease in the impregnation temperature by 5 C leads to a decrease in the heating temperature of the suspension by 0.4–2.3 C, a reduction in the heating time by 3 times and an acceleration of cooling of the system by an average of 5 times. It was found that KOH solutions promote better removal of SiO2 from plant raw materials than NaOH solutions under the specified cooking conditions. It was found that the used cooking solution is suitable as an organomineral fertilizer with a concentration of 2.8·10–5 g of suspended solids per liter.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>целлюлоза</kwd><kwd>черный щелок</kwd><kwd>отработанный варочный раствор</kwd><kwd>калийная варка</kwd><kwd>делигнификация</kwd><kwd>органоминеральные удобрения</kwd><kwd>посев</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cellulose</kwd><kwd>black liquor</kwd><kwd>spent cooking solution</kwd><kwd>potash cooking</kwd><kwd>delignification</kwd><kwd>organomineral fertilizers</kwd><kwd>sowing</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Азаров В.И., Буров А.В., Оболенская А.В. Химия древесины и синтетических полимеров. СПб.: СПбЛТА, 2010. 624 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Azarov V.I., Burov A.V., Obolenskaya A.V. 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