ispltaИзвестия Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академииIzvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii2079-43042658-5871СПбГЛТУ10.21266/2079-4304.2021.237.75-96isplta-246Research ArticleЛЕСНОЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВОFORESTRYТекущее накопление углерода в лесах двух экорегионов РоссииCurrent carbon storage in forests of two ecoregions of RussiaУсольцевВ. А.UsoltsevV. А.

УСОЛЬЦЕВ Владимир Андреевич – заслуженный лесовод России, профессор кафедры лесоводства, профессор, главный научный сотрудник; доктор сельскохозяйственных наук

620100, Сибирский тракт, д. 37, г. Екатеринбург

USOLTSEV Vladimir A. – DSc (Agriculture), professor of the Department of Forestry; chief researcher at the Botanical Garden

620100. Sibirskiy Trakt. 37. Yekaterinburg

Usoltsev50@mail.ruКовязинВ. Ф.KovyazinV. F.

КОВЯЗИН Василий Федорович – профессор, доктор биологических наук

199106, 21-я линия В.О., д. 2, Санкт-Петербург

KOVIAZIN Vasiliy F. – DSc (Biology), Рrofessor

199106. 21 line V.O. 2. St. Petersburg

vfkedr@mail.ruЦепордейИ. С.TsepordeyI. S.

ЦЕПОРДЕЙ Иван Степанович – научный сотрудник, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук

620144, ул. 8 Марта, д. 202а, г. Екатеринбург

TSEPORDEY Ivan S. – PhD (Agriculture), scientist at Botanical Garden

620144. 8 Marta str. 202a. Yekaterinburg

ivan.tsepordey@yandex.ruИнститут леса и природопользования Уральского государственного лесотехнического университета; Ботанического сада УрО РАНРоссияUral State Forest Engineering University; Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургский Горный университетРоссияSaint-Petersburg Mining UniversityRussian FederationБотаническийо сад УрО РАНРоссияUral Branch of RASRussian Federation20210803202402377596Copyright © Усольцев В.А., Ковязин В.Ф., Цепордей И.С., 20242024Усольцев В.А., Ковязин В.Ф., Цепордей И.С.Usoltsev V.А., Kovyazin V.F., Tsepordey I.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/246

В связи с глобальным потеплением климата оценка углеродного цикла в лесных экосистемах приобрела особое значение. Один из методов определения депонированного в лесах углерода основан на использовании конверсионных коэффициентов биомассы (ККБ) и данных Государственного учета лесн фонда (ГУЛФ). Путем объединения моделей ККБ с данными ГУЛФ в двух экорегионах России – таежном и лесостепном – было установлено, что за 20–25-летний период накопление органического углерода в таежной зоне значительно меньше (5%) по сравнению с лесостепной зоной (39%). Несмотря на существующие риски стихийных бедствий в лесостепном экотоне, за четверть века наблюдается значительный рост депонированного углерода. Это произошло вследствие высокой доли молодняков в начале анализируемого периода, обладающих повышенным приростом по отношению к спелым древостоям. Сопоставимые результаты были получены одним и тем же методом в разных экорегионах планеты: от 8% за 5 лет в Китае до 68% за 50 лет в Японии. Сравнение результатов, полученных предложенным методом и методом IIASA (Австрия), показало минимальное расхождение (3%), что дает основание считать полученные оценки депонирования углерода близкими к реальности. Однако сохраняется неопределенность, связанная с качеством данных ГУЛФ и депонированием углерода в почве.

Due to the global warming of the climate, the assessment of the carbon cycle in forest ecosystems has become particularly important. One method for determining deposited carbon is based on the use of biomass expansion factors (BEF) and State Forest Inventory (SFI) data. By combining BEF models with SFI data in two ecoregions of Russia – taiga and forest-steppe – it was found that over a 20–25-year period, accumulating the carbon deposition in the taiga zone is significantly less (5%) compared to the forest-steppe zone (39%). Despite the existing risks of natural disasters in the forest-steppe ecotone, there is a significant increase in carbon deposition over a quarter of a century. This was due to the high proportion of young stands at the beginning of the analyzed period, which have increased growth in relation to old stands. Comparable results were obtained by the same method in different ecoregions of the planet (from 8% in 5 years in China to 68% in 50 years in Japan). A comparison of the results obtained by the proposed method and the IIASA (Austria) method showed a minimal discrepancy (3%), which gives reason to consider the above estimates of carbon deposition close to reality. However, uncertainties remain related to the quality of the SFI data and the carbon deposition in the soil.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.