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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">isplta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4304</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5871</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЛТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21266/2079-4304.2024.250.366-382</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">isplta-399</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ДРЕВЕСИНЫ. БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD. BIO TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экстрактивные вещества хвойной кормовой фитодобавки и их влияние на продуктивность сельскохозяйственных животных при стрессах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Extractive substances of coniferous feed phyto additives and their influence of the productivity of farm animals under stress</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5410-9496</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рощин</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Roshchin</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рощин Виктор Иванович – заведующий кафедрой технологии лесохимических продуктов, химии древесины и биотехнологии, старший научный сотрудник, доктор химических наук</p><p>194021, Институтский пер., д. 5, Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roshchin Viktor I. – DSc (Chemistry), Head of the Department of Technology of Forest Chemical Products, Wood Chemistry and Biotechnology, Senior Researcher</p><p>194021. Institute per. 5. St. Petersburg</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kaf.chemdrev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юрина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yurina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юрина Наталья Александровна – профессор, доктор сельскохозяйственных наук</p><p>350044, ул. Калинина, д. 13, г. Краснодар</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yurina Natalya A. – DSc (Agricultural), Professor</p><p>350044. Kalinina str. 13. Krasnodar</p><p> </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7828-2966</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Миксон</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikson</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Миксон Дарья Сергеевна – доцент кафедры технологии лесохимических продуктов, химии древесины и биотехнологии</p><p>194021, Институтский пер., д. 5, Санкт-Петербург</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikson Darya S. – PhD (Chemistry), Associate Professor of the Department of Technology of Forest Chemical Products, Wood Chemistry and Biotechnology</p><p>194021. Institute per. 5. St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ms.mikson@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Короткий</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korotky</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Короткий Василий Павлович – генеральный директор</p><p>603001, Нижне-Волжская наб., д. 9/1, г. Нижний-Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korotky Vasily P. – General Director</p><p>603001. Nizhne-Volzhskaya emb. 9/1. Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">himinvest@sandy.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рыжов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryzhov</surname><given-names>V. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рыжов Виктор Анатольевич – главный инженер</p><p>603001, Нижне-Волжская наб., д. 9/1, г. Нижний-Новгород</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ryzhov Viktor A. – Chief Engineer </p><p>603001. Nizhne-Volzhskaya emb. 9/1. Nizhny Novgorod</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">woodnn@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St.Petersburg State Forest Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Кубанский государственный аграрный университет имени И.Т. Трубилина</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kuban State Agrarian University named after I.T. Trubilin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО НТЦ «Химинвест»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC Scientific and Technical Center «Himinvest»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>250</issue><fpage>366</fpage><lpage>382</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Рощин В.И., Юрина Н.А., Миксон Д.С., Короткий В.П., Рыжов В.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Рощин В.И., Юрина Н.А., Миксон Д.С., Короткий В.П., Рыжов В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Roshchin V.I., Yurina N.A., Mikson D.S., Korotky V.P., Ryzhov V.А.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/399">https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/399</self-uri><abstract><p>Представлены результаты исследования исходной древесной зелени – отхода лесозаготовки и полученной из неё хвойной кормовой добавки, определено влияние хвойной кормовой добавки на продуктивность и качество молочной продукции, физиолого-биохимические показатели животных в период стрессовых факторов – повышенной температуры воздуха и отела. Цель исследования – изучение состава групп веществ и соединений фракции кислот исходной древесной зелени и хвойной кормовой добавки, изготовленной в производственных условиях: основных показателей продуктивности и качества молочной продукции, зоотехнических и физиолого-биохимических показателей сельскохозяйственных животных в условиях температурного стресса и отела. Исследовали среднюю пробу исходной древесной зелени, побеги с хвоей – отход лесозаготовки и изготовленную в производственных условиях ООО НТЦ «Химинвест» хвойную кормовую добавку. Кормовую добавку разделили на твердую и жидкую части. Исходную древесную зелень и твердую часть кормовой добавки экстрагировали пропан-2-олом, остаток последовательно экстрагировали углеводородным экстрагентом (пределы кипения 40–70 °С) и диэтиловым эфиром. Жидкую часть кормовой добавки аналогично экстрагировали углеводородами и диэтиловым эфиром. В углеводородном экстракте определяли основные группы веществ – сумму смоляных и высших жирных кислот, неомыляемые вещества, содержание производных хлорофилла и каротиноидов. Состав соединений кислот идентифицировали методом ГХ-МС. Результаты исследования показали, что составы групп веществ исходной древесной зелени и изготовленной хвойной кормовой добавки близки. Параметры технологического процесса изготовления кормовой добавки не оказывают влияния на нативность получаемой продукции. Использование хвойной кормовой добавки в период экстремально высоких температур воздуха (до 42 °С) в тени и отела снижало в крови содержание кортизола (на 1,7–5,9%), адреналина на (4,7–8,4%), мочевины (на 5,2–8,5%), повышало содержание общего белка (на 1,2–3,3%) и глюкозы (на 6,2–19,5%) при сравнении с контрольной группой животных. Полученные результаты исследования позволяют положительно оценить влияние хвойной кормовой добавки на физиолого-биохимические процессы животных в период теплового стресса и отела.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the study of the initial woody greens –logging waste and the coniferous feed additive obtained from it are presented, the influence of the coniferous feed additive on the productivity and quality of dairy products, physiological and biochemical parameters of animals during the period of stress factors – increased air temperature and calving is determined. The purpose of the study is to study the composition of groups of substances and compounds of the acid fraction of the initial woody greens and coniferous feed additives manufactured under production conditions: the main indicators of productivity and quality of dairy products, zootechnical and physiological and biochemical parameters of farm animals under conditions of temperature stress and calving. An average sample of the initial woody greens, shoots with needles – logging waste, and a coniferous feed additive manufactured under production conditions by STC «Khiminvest» LLC have been studied. The feed additive was divided into solid and liquid parts. The initial woody greens and the solid part of the feed additive were extracted with propane-2-ol, the remainder was sequentially extracted with a hydrocarbon extractant (boiling range 40– 70 °C) and diethyl ether. The liquid part of the feed additive was similarly extracted with hydrocarbons and diethyl ether. The main groups of substances were determined in the hydrocarbon extract – the sum of resin and higher fatty acids, unsaponifiable substances, the content of chlorophyll derivatives and carotenoids. The composition of acid compounds was identified by GC-MS method. The results of the study showed that the compositions of the groups of substances of the original woody greens and the manufactured coniferous feed additive are similar. The parameters of the technological process for the manufacture of feed additives do not affect the nativity of the products obtained. The use of a coniferous feed additive during extremely high air temperatures (up to 42 0 C) in the shade and calving reduced the content of cortisol in the blood (by 1.7–5.9 per cent ), adrenaline by (4.7–8.4 per cent), urea (by 5.2–8.5 per cent ), increased the content of total protein (by 1.2–3.3 per cent) and glucose (by 6.2– 19.5 per cent) when compared with the control group of animals. The obtained research results allow us to positively assess the effect of coniferous feed additives on the physiological and biochemical processes of animals during heat stress and calving.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>древесная зелень</kwd><kwd>сосна обыкновенная</kwd><kwd>кормовая добавка</kwd><kwd>коровы</kwd><kwd>стресс</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>woody greens</kwd><kwd>pinus sylvestris</kwd><kwd>feed additive</kwd><kwd>cows</kwd><kwd>stress</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев С.Н., Рощин В.И., Выродов В.А. Состав экстрактивных веществ древесной зелени сосны обыкновенной. М.: ВНИПИЭИЛеспром, 1991. 72 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cronzalez M.A., Correa-Royero J., Agudelo L., Mesa A., Betaneur-Galvis L. Synthesis and biological evaluation of abietic acid derivatives. Eur. J. Med. 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