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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">isplta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4304</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5871</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЛТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21266/2079-4304.2024.251.381-398</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">isplta-441</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ДРЕВЕСИНЫ. БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD. BIO TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Свойства карбамидоформальдегидных смол, синтезированных при разных мольных соотношениях карбамид: формальдегид</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Properties of UreaFormaldehyde Resins Synthesized at Different Molar Ratios</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0001-2461</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ИВАНОВ Даниил Валерьевич – доцент кафедры технологии древесных и целлюлозных композиционных материалов, кандидат технических наук</p><p>194021, Институтский пер., д. 5, Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Researcher ID: ABF-7853-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211013094</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>IVANOV Daniil V. – PhD (Technical), Associate Professor of the Department of Wood and Cellulose Composite Materials Technology</p><p>194021. Institute per. 5. St. Petersburg</p><p>Researcher ID: ABF-7853-2020</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 57211013094</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivanov.d.v.SPB@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8902-1075</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никифорова</surname><given-names>П. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikiforova</surname><given-names>P. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>НИКИФОРОВА Полина Константиновна – менеджер по планированию производства HPL</p><p>188671, тер. зона Общественно-Деловая Проба, зд. 2/3, с. п. Романовское, м. р-н Всеволожский, Ленинградская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>NIKIFOROVA Polina K. – HPL Production Planning Manager</p><p>188671. Public-Business Probe Zone 2/3. Romanovskoye rural settlement. Vsevolozhsky metropolitan area. Leningrad region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">polina435@inbox.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренкова</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenkova</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ЗАХАРЕНКОВА Мария Юрьевна – студент кафедры древесных и целлюлозных композиционных материалов</p><p>194021, Институтский пер., д. 5, Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>ZAKHARENKOVA Maria Yu. – Student of the Department of Wood and Cellulose Composite Materials Technology</p><p>194021. Institute per. 5. St. Petersburg </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mariiazakharenkova@icloud.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St.Petersburg State Forest Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Слотекс-И»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>«Slotex-I» LLC</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>251</issue><fpage>381</fpage><lpage>398</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванов Д.В., Никифорова П.К., Захаренкова М.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванов Д.В., Никифорова П.К., Захаренкова М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanov D.V., Nikiforova P.K., Zakharenkova M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/441">https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/441</self-uri><abstract><p>Мольное соотношение карбамид : формальдегид является одним из основных параметров, определяющих рецептуру карбамидоформальдегидных смол. Во многом от мольного соотношения зависят строение основных компонентов смолы (карбамидоформальдегидных олигомеров, метилольных производных карбамида), свойства смол и материалов, изготовленных с их использованием. Цель работы – изучение строения компонентов карбамидоформальдегидных смол, изготовленных при разных мольных соотношениях карбамид : формальдегид; оценка влияния мольного соотношения на свойства смол и изготовленных с их использованием древесностружечных плит. Установлено, что маломольные смолы (мольное соотношение карбамид : формальдегид = 1 : &lt;1,1) состоят преимущественно из линейных олигомеров, содержащих сравнительно низкое количество метилольных групп II типа. При отверждении маломольных смол образуется сетчатая структура с незначительным количеством поперечных метиленовых связей, что негативно сказывается на водостойкости древесностружечных плит, изготовленных с их использованием. При увеличении мольного соотношения карбамид : формальдегид растёт количество ответвлений от основной цепи карбамидоформальдегидных олигомеров, увеличивается содержание метилольных групп, растёт реакционная способность смол. Отверждённые средне- и высокомольные смолы (мольное соотношение карбамид : формальдегид = 1 : 1,1–1,2 и 1 : &gt;1,2) отличаются густой сетчатой структурой и обеспечивают сравнительно высокие физико-механические показатели древесностружечных плит. При этом увеличение мольного соотношения карбамид : формальдегид приводит к значительному росту содержания формальдегида в древесностружечных плитах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The formaldehyde/urea (F/U) molar ratio is one of the main parameters determining the formulation of urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins. The molar ratio largely determines the structure of the main components of the resin (UF oligomers, methylol derivatives of urea), as well as the properties of the resins and materials manufactured using them. The aim of this work is to research the structure of the UF resins synthesized at different F/U molar ratios; to assess the effect of the molar ratio on the properties of the resins and particleboards manufactured using them. It was found that the low molar ratio UF resin (F/U = &lt;1.1) consist mainly of linear oligomers containing a insignificant amount of type II methylol groups. During curing of low molar ratio resins, a network structure with an insignificant amount of cross-bridges is formed, which negatively affects the water resistance of particleboards. With an increase in the F/U molar ratio, the number of branches of UF oligomers increases, also the content of methylol groups increases and the reactivity of the resins increases. Cured medium and high molar ratio UF resins (F/U = 1.1–1.2 and &gt;1.2) are distinguished by a dense cross-linked structure and ensure comparatively high physical and mechanical properties of particle-boards. At the same time, an increase in the F/U molar ratio leads to a significant increase in the formaldehyde content in particleboards.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>поликонденсация</kwd><kwd>карбамид</kwd><kwd>формальдегид</kwd><kwd>карбамидоформальдегидная смола</kwd><kwd>карбамидоформальдегидные олигомеры</kwd><kwd>древесностружечные плиты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polycondensation</kwd><kwd>urea</kwd><kwd>formaldehyde</kwd><kwd>urea-formaldehyde resin</kwd><kwd>urea-formaldehyde oligomers</kwd><kwd>particleboards</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Васильев В.В. 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