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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">isplta</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академии</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-4304</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2658-5871</issn><publisher><publisher-name>СПбГЛТУ</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21266/2079-4304.2025.255.458-472</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">isplta-619</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ДРЕВЕСИНЫ. БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD. BIO TECHNOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние полиморфизма и дисперсности диоксида циркония на растворимость в кислых и щелочных средах</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The influence of polymorphism and dispersity of zirconium dioxide on solubility in acidic and alkaline media</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0199-1200</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Школьников</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkol`nikov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Школьников Евгений Васильевич – профессор кафедры химии, доктор химических наук, профессор</p><p>194021, Институтский пер., д. 5, Санкт-Петербург</p><p>ResearcherID: G-8108-2016.</p><p>Scopus AuthorID: 7003735499</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shko’nikov Evgeny V. – DSc (Chemical), Professor</p><p>194021. Institute per. 5. St. Petersburg</p><p>Researcher ID: G-8108-2016.</p><p>Scopus Author ID: 7003735499</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eshkolnikov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский государственный лесотехнический университет имени С.М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St.Petersburg State Forestry University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>255</issue><fpage>458</fpage><lpage>472</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Школьников Е.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Школьников Е.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shkol`nikov E.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/619">https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/619</self-uri><abstract><p>Впервые дана термодинамическая характеристика истинной растворимости при 25°С аморфной и кристаллических наноразмерных модификаций ZrO2 в зависимости от рН водной среды в интервале 0−14,7 с учетом образования моно- и полиядерных гидроксокомплексов Zr(IV) и дисперсности твердой фазы. Средний эффективный радиус частиц (r ≤ 25нм для α−ZrO2) следует учитывать в качестве термодинамического параметра при определении растворимости диоксида циркония в наносостоянии. Истинная растворимость полиморфных модификаций ZrО2 в водных слабокислых и слабощелочных средах при отсутствии фторид− и карбонат−ионов весьма низкая (7×10−10 − 10−7 моль/л), уменьшается при прокаливании и определяется прочными нейтральными комплексами Zr(ОН)4, преобладающими при рН 2−13. Растворимость в водных средах заметно зависит от структуры кристаллов (α−ZrO2 &lt; β−ZrO2 &lt; γ–ZrO2), существенно возрастает с уменьшением размера частиц кристаллических нанопорошков и сильно (примерно на 4 порядка) – при переходе от стабильного кристаллического бадделеита α−ZrO2 к сухой аморфной модификации. В сильнокислой среде (1 М HClO4) растворимость кристаллических модификаций ZrО2 на 3−4 порядка выше, чем в воде, и определяется в основном комплексом Zr(OH)3+, а для аморфного порошка ZrO2 − комплексами Zr4(OH)88+ (pH 0), Zr5(OH)128+ (pH 1) и Zr(OH)22+ (pH 2). Комплекс Zr(OH)3+ вносит незначительный вклад в растворимость ZrO2 при рН 0–2. Аквакатионы Zr4+ определяют растворимость α−ZrO2 при рН &lt; 0. При рН=1–15 полиядерные гидроксокомплексы Zr(IV) не оказывают заметного влияния на растворимость макрокристаллических модификаций ZrО2. В сильнощелочных водных средах (рН =13,5–14,7) растворимость ZrО2 на 2−3 порядка выше, чем в воде, и определяется в основном комплексом Zr(ОН)62−.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The thermodynamic characterization of the true solubility at 25°C of amorphous and crystalline nanoscale modifications of ZrO2 depending on the pH of the aqueous medium in the range of 0–14.7, taking into account the formation of mono- and polynuclear hydroxocomplexes of Zr(IV) and the dispersity of the solid phase, has been given for the first time. The average effective particle radius (r ≤ 25nm for αZrO2) should be taken into account as a thermodynamic parameter in determining the solubility of zirconium dioxide in the nanostate. The true solubility of polymorphic modifications of ZrO2 in aqueous slightly acidic and slightly alkaline media in the absence of fluoride and carbonate ions is very low (7×10–10 – 10–7 mol/L), decreases with calcination and is determined by strong neutral complexes Zr(OH)4, prevailing at pH 2-13. Solubility in aqueous media depends markedly on the crystal structure (α-ZrO2 &lt; β-ZrO2 &lt; γ–ZrO2), increases significantly with decreasing particle size of crystalline nanopowders and strongly (by about 4 orders of magnitude) in the transition from stable crystalline baddeleyite α-ZrO2 to dry amorphous modification. In strongly acidic medium (1 M HClO4) the solubility of crystalline modifications of ZrO2 is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than in water and is determined mainly by the complex Zr(OH)3+, and for amorphous powder ZrO2 - by the complexes Zr4(OH)88+ (pH 0), Zr5(OH)128+ (pH 1) and Zr(OH)22+ (pH 2). The Zr(OH)3+complex makes a minor contribution to the solubility of ZrO2 at pH 0-2. Zr4+ aquacations determine the solubility of α- ZrO2 at pH&lt;0. At pH=1–15 polynuclear Zr(IV) hydroxocomplexes have no appreciable effect on the solubility of macrocrystalline ZrO2 modifications. In strongly alkaline aqueous media (pH =13,5–14,7) the solubility of ZrO2 is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than in water and is determined mainly by the complex Zr(OH)62–.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>растворимость и амфотерность</kwd><kwd>термодинамический расчет</kwd><kwd>аморфная и нанокристаллические модификации ZrO2</kwd><kwd>дисперсность</kwd><kwd>кислые и щелочные среды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>solubility and amphoterism</kwd><kwd>thermodynamic calculation</kwd><kwd>amorphous and nanocrystalline ZrO2 modifdications</kwd><kwd>dispersity</kwd><kwd>acid and alkaline media</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Школьников Е.В. Термодинамический расчет растворимости твердых гидроксидов элементов IIIА группы в воде и водных средах // Журнал прикладной химии. 2008. Т. 81, № 9. 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