ispltaИзвестия Санкт-Петербургской лесотехнической академииIzvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii2079-43042658-5871СПбГЛТУ10.21266/2079-4304.2026.258.436-456isplta-766Research ArticleХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ПЕРЕРАБОТКА ДРЕВЕСИНЫ. БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD. BIO TECHNOLOGYКомпонентный состав эфирных масел хвои Pinus contorta Dougl. и Pinus sylvestris L. в экспериментальных культурах Сыктывкарского лесничества Республики КомиComponent composition of essential oils of needles of Pinus contorta Dougl. and Pinus sylvestris L. in experimental cultures of Syktyvkar forest district of the Komi Republichttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0639-2079ПлюснинаС. Н.PlyusninaS. N.

ПЛЮСНИНА Светлана Николаевна – научный сотрудник, кандидат биологических наук

167982, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 28, г. Сыктывкар

PLYUSNINA Svetlana N. – PhD (Biological), Researcher

167982. Kommunisticheskaya str. 28. Sykyyvkar

pljusnina@ib.komisc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8266-8113ПристоваТ. А.PristovaT. A.

ПРИСТОВА Татьяна Александровна – научный сотрудник, биологических наук

167982, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 28, г. Сыктывкар

PRISTOVA Tatiana A. – PhD (Biological), Researcher

167982. Kommunisticheskaya str. 28. Sykyyvkar

pristova@ib.komisc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6693-3925ГруздевИ. В.GruzdevI. V.

ГРУЗДЕВ Иван Владимирович – ведущий научный сотрудник, доктор химических наук

167982, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 28, г. Сыктывкар

GRUZDEV Ivan V. – DSc (Chemical), Leading Researcher

167982. Kommunisticheskaya str. 28. Sykyyvkar

gruzdev@ib.komisc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5493-179XПунеговВ. В.PunegovV. V.

ПУНЕГОВ Василий Витальевич – старший научный сотрудник, кандидат химических наук

167982, ул. Коммунистическая, д. 28, г. Сыктывкар

PUNEGOV Vasily V. – PhD (Chemical), Senior Researcher

167982. Kommunisticheskaya str. 28. Sykyyvkar

punegov@ib.komisc.ruИнститут биологии Коми научного центра Уральского отделения РАНРоссияInstitute of Biology of Komi Science Centre of the Ural Branch of the RASRussian Federation2026080720260258436456Copyright © Плюснина С.Н., Пристова Т.А., Груздев И.В., Пунегов В.В., 20262026Плюснина С.Н., Пристова Т.А., Груздев И.В., Пунегов В.В.Plyusnina S.N., Pristova T.A., Gruzdev I.V., Punegov V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://izvestiya-lta.spbftu.ru/jour/article/view/766

Изучен компонентный состав эфирных масел хвои интродуцированного вида сосны скрученной Pinus contorta Dougl. и местного – сосны обыкновенной Pinus sylvestris L. в экспериментальных культурах Сыктывкарского лесничества Республики Коми (61о 39’ с.ш. 50о 41’ в.д.). Эфирное масло выделяли методом гидродистилляции из смешанных образцов свежей хвои разного возраста. Выход эфирного масла составил 0,35% и 1,64% в пересчете на абсолютно сухую массу хвои у сосны скрученной и сосны обыкновенной соответственно. Хромато-массспектрометрический анализ позволил выявить 41 компонент в эфирном масле хвои для каждого вида. В составе доминирует монотерпеновая фракция, что характерно для многих видов сосен и хвойных растений в целом. Качественный состав между видами отличается по одному компоненту: в хвое сосны скрученной не выявлен лимонен, сосны обыкновенной – β-фелландрен. В количественном содержании совпадающих компонентов интродуцента и аборигенной породы наблюдаются значительные различия. В эфирном масле хвои сосны скрученной мажорными компонентами являются β-фелландрен (38,99%), β-пинен (28,56%), αпинен (7,34%) и α-терпинеол (6,49%). В меньших количествах представлены βмирцен (2,15%), α-фелландрен (1,95%), α-терпинолен (1,71%). Содержание остальных компонентов – менее 1%. Превосходство β-фелландрена и β-пинена над другими компонентами характерно и для эфирного масла хвои сосны скрученной из естественных ареалов. В составе эфирных масел хвои сосны обыкновенной 53,46% приходится на α-пинен, далее следуют 3-карен (8,55%), τкадинол (4,37%), камфен (4,28%) и α-кадинол (4,26%), β-пинен (3,46%), β-кадинен (2,77%), борнилацетат (2,18%), β-мирцен (1,61%), лимонен (1,45%), α-терпинолен (1,31%), α-терпинеол (1,21%), α-мууролен (1,01%) и трициклен (1%). Содержание остальных компонентов – менее 1%. Высокое содержание α-пинена типично для сосны обыкновенной на европейской части ареала.

The component composition of essential oils of the introduced species of lodgepole pine Pinus contorta Dougl. and the local Scots pine Pinus sylvestris L. needles was studied in experimental cultures of the Syktyvkar forestry of the Komi Republic (61°39’ N 50°41’ E). The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation from mixed samples of fresh needles of different ages. The yield of essential oil was 0,35% and 1,64% based on the absolutely dry weight of needles in lodgepole pine and Scots pine, respectively. Chromatographic mass spectrometric analysis revealed 41 components in the essential oil of needles for each species. The monoterpene fraction dominates in the composition, which is typical for many pine species and conifers in general. The composition of essential oils between species differs by one component: limonene was not detected in lodgepole pine needles, while βphellandrene was not detected in Scots pine needles. Significant differences are observed in the yield of matching components of the introduced and native species. The major components in the essential oil of lodgepole pine needles are β-phellandrene (38,99%), βpinene (28,56%), α-pinene (7,34%) and α-terpineol (6,49%). β-myrcene (2,15%), αphellandrene (1,95%) and α-terpinolene (1,71%) are present in smaller quantities. The content of other components is less than 1%. The superiority of β-phellandrene and β-pinene over other components is also characteristic of the essential oil of lodgepole pine needles from natural area. In the composition of essential oils of Scots pine needles, 53,46% is αpinene, followed by 3-carene (8,55%), τ-cadinol (4,37%), camphene (4,28%) and α-cadinol (4,26%), β-pinene (3,46%), β-cadinene (2,77%), bornyl acetate (2,18%), β-myrcene (1,61%), limonene (1,45%), α-terpinolene (1,31%), α-terpineol (1,21%), α-muurolene (1,01%) and tricyclene (1%). The content of other components is less than 1%. High content of α-pinene is typical for Scots pine in the European part of its range.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.