Creation of silviculture of Scots pine by sowing seeds in the Nizhny Novgorod region

The article substantiates the relevance of diversification of methods of production of forest crops of Scots pine and confirms the feasibility of their creation in the Nizhny Novgorod region by sowing seeds. The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most economically significant tree species suitable for artificial reforestation and breeding improvement in the Russian Federation and other countries of Europe and Asia. The forest cultures of Scots pine, created in the Nizhny Novgorod region by sowing seeds and planting seedlings, have been studied. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of creating forest crops of Scots pine by sowing seeds and to determine the prospects of using these technologies in the conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The object of the study was the plots of forest crops of Scots pine, created both by sowing normal seeds (2015) and planting standard two-year seedlings (2017) on the territory of the Borsky district forestry of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Its coordinates are 56°21'29.2"N, 44°4'29.3"E; altitude above sea level is 78 m. The surveyed area is assigned to the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests, coniferousdeciduous forest area of the European part of the Russian Federation (3 forest area). The methodology included the basic requirements for the organization of experience: typicality, suitability, expediency and reliability, compliance with the principle of the only logical difference. The biological age of the plants in the compared plots was the same and at the time of accounting was 5 years. The methodology provided for fullscale instrumental taxation of forest crop plots, continuous enumeration on sample areas, statistical and variance analysis of data. Differences in all analyzed taxation indicators of forest crops created by sowing and planting have been established. A significant excess of the height and length of the leafless part of the crown in forest crops created by sowing normal seeds has been confirmed. There are no significant differences in the diameter of the barrel between the technology options. The method is recognized as effective in the conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region and is proposed for a wider industrial application.

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