Technology of extraction of low molecular components of pine and larch wood greenery by emulsion extraction

This study is related to the development of highly efficient methods for processing renewable plant materials to isolate extractives. The variety of biologically active components of wood greenery of coniferous trees determines the wide possibilities of its application. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of technological parameters of emulsion extraction of wood greenery of pine and larch on the yield of extractives in a rotary pulsation apparatus and a gravitational type apparatus. The emulsion extraction method used, developed at the Institute of Chemistry of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is environmentally friendly and allows the extraction of biologically active compounds from plant materials without the use of organic solvents. In this study, parameters such as hydromodule – ratio of the volume of water-alkaline solution to the mass of raw materials, alkali concentration and extraction time were varied. All these parameters affect the physicochemical characteristics of the emulsion mixture and, as a result, the degree of extraction of raw materials. It has been established that the emulsion extraction of low molecular weight compounds on a gravity-type apparatus ensures the production of 165 liters of extract with a yield of extractives of 7.67 ± 0.12% by weight of dry raw materials from wood greenery of pine and 6.44 ± 0.2% from wood greenery of larch at optimal conditions: hydromodule 10:1, NaOH concentration 4%, extraction time 4 hours. The use of a rotary pulsation apparatus makes it possible to process raw materials in small volumes (3 liters) in 15–20 minutes of processing at a hydromodule of 12:1-14:1 with a yield of extractives from wood greenery of pine of 6.65. ±0.05% and 4.15±0.16% from wood greenery of larch.

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