Pests and pathogens of trees in plantings of St. Petersburg: dynamics and forecast
https://doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2023.243.162-176
Abstract
The indicators of the development of the European spruce bark beetle in the outbreak foci of the Roshchinsky forestry have deteriorated significantly. The average energy of reproduction in 2022 was 1.5 (in 2021 for different generations – 6.0 and 4.7). The same indicators were typical for the spruce forests covered by the outbreak in 2022 with the expansion of the area of the outbreaks. The population density has increased. The bark beetle stock decreased to 400 thousand individuals/ha in the 2021 outbreaks and to 1300 thousand/ha in the 2022 outbreaks high and possibly higher. Some model trees died as a result of exclusively additional feeding of the European spruce bark beetle, which passed through the entire area of the bark from the base to 5 m in height and, possibly, higher. The colonization and successful development of the second generation are marked on the model trees. In some cases, the development of the second generation occurred simultaneously with the third sister generation, while in others only the development of the second generation was observed. The development indicators of different generations did not differ significantly. The 2022 growing season was significantly colder than the previous year. Nevertheless, the second generation, as well as in 2021, has been quite successfully formed. Populations of the European spruce bark beetle steadily switched to a development combining monovoltine and bivoltine variants. Previously, such a phenomenon in this geographical area was not observed. The transition to the bivoltine model of development of the typographic bark beetle in the Leningrad region corresponds to the same process taking place in the Scandinavian population of the European spruce bark beetle. The appearance of bivoltinity increases the likelihood of large-scale outbreaks of reproduction of this pest. Despite some expansion of the area of foci, it can be assumed that the outbreak will end in 2023. However, continuation or recurrence of the outbreak after a short period of time is likely with an increase in temperature in the first half of the growing season, the formation of windblows, and the intense impact of anthropogenic factors.
About the Author
A. V. Selikhovkin
St.Petersburg State Forest Technical University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
SELIKHOVKIN Andrey V. – DSc (Biological), Professor, Head of the Department of Forest Protection, Timber Science and Hunting
194024. Institutsky per. 5. St. Petersburg
References
1. Kataev O.A., Golutvina L.S., Kalinin A.S. Windfall in spruce forests as an environment conducive to mass reproduction of bark beetles. Ecology and forest protection. L.: LTA, 1984, pp. 4–8. (In Russ.)
2. Kataev O.A., Osetrov A.V., Popovichev B.G. and Selikhovkin A.V. Population density dynamics of bark beetles (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in forest stands weakened by natural and anthropogenic factors. Readings in memory of Nikolai Alexandrovich Kholodkovsky. Ed. S.Yu. Sinev. St. Petersburg: Russian Entomological Society, 2001. Iss. 54. 82 p. (In Russ.)
3. Maslov A.D. Typographic bark beetle and the drying up of spruce forests. Pushkino: VNIILM, 2010, 138 p. (In Russ.)
4. Maslov A.D., Matusevich L.S. Chronicle and main patterns of mass reproduction of the bark beetle typographer. Forest Bulletin, 2023, no. 2, pp. 47–54. (In Russ.)
5. Selikhovkin A.V., Glebov R.N., Magdeev N.G., Akhmatovich N.A., Popovichev B.G. Assessment of the role of insects and dendropathogenic organisms in the drying of forest stands in the Leningrad region and the Republic of Tatarstan. Forest science, 2016, no. 2, pp. 83–95. (In Russ.)
6. Selikhovkin A.V., Akhmatovich N.A., Varentsova E.Yu., Popovichev B.G. Reproduction of typographer bark beetle and other dendropathogenic organisms on the Karelian Isthmus. Forest science, 2018, no. 6, pp. 426–433. (In Russ.)
7. Selikhovkin A.V. Outbreaks of mass reproduction of bark beetles in the forests of Russia to be! Materials of the Third All-Russian Conference with International Participation. Under. ed. Yu.N. Baranchikov. Moscow, April 11–15, 2022. Moscow–Krasnoyarsk: IL SO RAN, 2022, pp. 124–125. DOI: https://www.elibrary.ru/item.asp?id=49576354. (In Russ.)
8. Selikhovkin A.V., Mamaev N.A., Martirova M.B., Merkuriev A.S., Popovichev B.G. A new outbreak of mass reproduction? of the bark beetle-typographer? in the Leningrad region and its features. Entomological Review, 2022, no. 2, pp. 239–251. (In Russ.)
9. Selikhovkin A.V., Merkuriev S.A., Mandelstam M.Yu., Popovichev B.G. The role of pests in changing the state of forests in the north-west of the European part of Russia. Forest science, 2023, no. 3 (in print). (In Russ.)
10. Shevyrev I.Ya. Devastating reproduction of bark beetles in Central Russia from 1882 to 1894 and attempts to control them. Agriculture and forestry, 1896, no. 10, pp. 523–545. (In Russ.)
11. Jönsson A.M., Appelberg G., Harding S., Bärring L. Spatio-temporal impact of climate change on the activity and voltinism of the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus. Global Change Biology, 2009, vol. 15, pp. 486–499.
12. Öhrn P. The spruce bark beetle Ips typographus in a changing climate – Effects of weather conditions on the biology of Ips typographus. Introductory Research Essay, 2012, no 18. 27 p.
13. Rudinsky J.A. Ecology of Scolytidae. Annual Review of Entomology, 1962, no. 7, pp. 327–348.
14. Schebeck M., Dobart N., Ragland G.J., Schopf A., Staufer C. 2021. Facultative and obligate diapause phenotypes in populations of the European spruce bark beetle Ips typographus. Journal of Pest Science. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10340-021-01416-w
15. Vité J.P. The European struggle to control Ips typographus: Past, Present and Future. Holarctic Ecology, vol. 12, no. 4, 1989, pp. 520–525. DOI: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3682064
16. Wermelinger B. Ecology and management of the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus – a review of recent research. Forest Ecology and Management, 2004, no. 202, pp. 67–82.
Review
For citations:
Selikhovkin A.V. Pests and pathogens of trees in plantings of St. Petersburg: dynamics and forecast. Izvestia Sankt-Peterburgskoj lesotehniceskoj akademii. 2023;(243):162-176. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.21266/2079-4304.2023.243.162-176
Views:
78
Email this article 