Preparation of microcrystalline cellulose from industrial hemp trusts

The production of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), as one of the widely popular products of cellulose processing, from alternative sources of cellulose-containing raw materials is a pressing task today. Industrial hemp is considered as an alternative source of microcrystalline cellulose, which has a number of advantages compared to other plant raw materials, such as a large volume of annual biomass reproduction; low costs for its cultivation; high yield per stem; lignin content is significantly lower compared to wood; simplified delignification. Before cooking, industrial hemp was ground to a size of 10-20 mm. Due to the high content of buds in ground industrial hemp, a multi-stage technological regime for the production of microcrystalline cellulose has been developed. The multi-stage technological regime for the production of microcrystalline cellulose consists of pre-hydrolysis (sodium cooking), peroxide-molybdate delignification, acid hydrolysis and bleaching. Soda cooking, compared to sulfate or sulfite cooking, is environmentally friendly due to the absence of sulfur compounds. Peroxide-molybdate delignification was chosen due to the more complete removal of residual lignin from plant materials. Hydrolysis of the resulting intermediate product with mineral acids is due to the fact that this is the most common and accessible method for producing microcrystalline cellulose. Bleaching is necessary to impart final properties, since the resulting MCC is fine, cream-colored particles. The use of a sulfuric acid solution for the acid hydrolysis of industrial hemp trusts according to the proposed technological scheme for the production of MCC leads to a decrease in the degree of polymerization by 55-60 units than the use of a hydrochloric acid solution with the same technological scheme for the production of MCC. Microcrystalline cellulose from industrial hemp trust, obtained using higher temperatures during soda cooking, under the same conditions at other stages is characterized by lower whiteness, which means that the more optimal technological mode for obtaining MCC from industrial hemp trust is the use of low-temperature soda cooking at the initial stages.

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