Spatial dynamics of the state and complexes of diseases and pests of taiga forests in the north-west of the European part of Russia

A 2021–2022 study investigated the relationship between forest stands and pests and pathogens in coniferous forests in the north-west of Europe, Russia. The study involved 157 observation plots (PPUs) in mature and overmature forest stands, predominantly spruce or pine. The condition of spruce stands varies insignificantly as one moves north, while pine stands deteriorate somewhat. Four PPUs were excluded due to a sharp deterioration caused by an outbreak of the European bark beetle. The data showed no connection between average condition and pests and pathogens, except for spruce canker, the most common disease in the studied regions. A positive correlation was found between spruce stand condition and this disease. In pine forests, necrosiscanker diseases and crown openness predominated. The pine conk Porodaedalea pini was found sporadically in all PPU groups, with the exception of the Murmansk region. Armillaria spp. and species and groups of bark beetles and wood borer pests typical of northern taiga European forests were found in all PPU groups. Heat supply's influence on tree stand condition is not a leading factor, but can indirectly increase pest activity. In the absence of mass reproduction and disease development, pathogens and pests do not significantly impact tree stand condition, except for canker.

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