The influence of atmospheric pollution on the morphometric parameters of woody plants in the conditions of Krasnoyarsk

The city of Krasnoyarsk is a large industrial center of Siberia, characterized by a high level of air pollution. The green planting system of a modern city is designed to significantly improve the environmental situation, but an important condition in this case is the scientifically based selection of an assortment of woody vegetation suitable for landscaping the city of Krasnoyarsk and the cities of Central Siberia. To do this, it is necessary to have sufficient information about the ecological and biological state of woody plants, allowing one to assess the functional contribution of each species to changing the quality of the environment in the direction of its improvement. The purpose of the study was to study the morphometric parameters of annual shoots of some types of deciduous trees in the urbanized environment of Krasnoyarsk. The objects of the study were species of both local and introduced floras Betula pendula, Malus baccata, Tilia cordata and Padus maackii in plantings of various functional purposes. The biometric method for assessing the condition of trees involved measuring the size of annual segments of lateral shoots; number of leaves on annual segments of side shoots; wet and absolutely dry weight of leaves; leaf area. Research has shown that in the studied species in the technogenic environment of Krasnoyarsk, there is a decrease in all morphometric indicators, xerophytization of morphological structures, an increase in water deficiency, a decrease in the specific gravity of the leaf, a violation of assimilation processes, which increase with an increase in the level of technogenic loads. Based on the studies conducted on the degree of violation of the morphometric indicators of the annual shoot, the studied tree species can be arranged in the following sequence: Malus baccata > Tilia cordata > Padus maackii > Betula pendula. Thus, Malus baccata and Tilia cordata can be classified as unstable species in the technogenic environment of Krasnoyarsk. Species specificity was discovered in the optimization of the photosynthetic apparatus of the studied species to the conditions of the urbanized environment of Krasnoyarsk. An assessment of the state of the assimilation apparatus of the four dominant species in the plantings showed that Betula pendula has a relatively high adaptive potential, and Malus baccata has the lowest.

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