Formation of spruce undergrowth depending on the parcel structure in mature pine-spruce stands of the Gatchina district of the Leningrad region

The study was conducted in 2021–2024 in the North-West of Russia (Leningrad region, Gatchina district). The objects of the study were mature pine-spruce stands, with 6 to 8 units of pine and 1 to 3 units of Norwegian spruce (Pícea ábies) belonging to the Baltic-Belozersky taiga forest growth region of the Luga-Oredezh landscape in the Oredezh plateau area. Sample plots were laid in forests that have not been affected by human economic activity for a long time. A continuous census of the main tree stand and undergrowth were carried out on 10 sample plots using a selective statistical method. A geobotanical description of the living ground cover was made. Cartographic materials of the parcel structure were compiled in 10´10 m squares allocated at the studied sites with the trees of the main tree layer, undergrowth and undergrowth indicated. For the first time in the study region, the relationship between the parcel structure and the processes of natural reforestation occurring in mature pine-spruce stands of the bilberry type of forest was studied. The article reflects the distribution of spruce undergrowth by the main native parcels identified in pine-spruce forests. A number of patterns were revealed that reflect the features of the formation of spruce regeneration with the main parcels in pine-spruce forests of the bilberry type. Recommendations are given for predicting the success of reforestation in the clearings of pine-spruce stands. The obtained results can be used for a more accurate assessment of the success of natural regeneration during forestry activities, for the restoration and preservation of forests in the south of the Leningrad Region.

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