Legal aspects of the use of fallow lands of agricultural purpose for harvesting non-timber forest products

The materials on legal aspects of utilization of abandoned agricultural lands are presented. On the territory of the North-Western Federal District the share of such lands is 24% of the total area of agricultural land in the region. The main problem associated with the involvement of this kind of land into economic turnover is the legal aspect. Since abandoned lands are intensively overgrown with tree and shrub vegetation, it is advisable to further use them as lands of the forest fund. In the composition of the grass and shrub layer there are many species of resource importance. However, to date, there is no directly applicable law on the conversion of agricultural land into forest land. Federal Law No. 538-FZ of 27.12.2018 provides for the use of abandoned agricultural lands only for harvesting wild fruits, cultivation of honeydew, medicinal plant raw materials and food products. This norm is fixed in Article 123 Forest Code of the Russian Federation. As an example Pskov Oblast (Gdovsky District), the species composition of plants of raw material importance was determined. These are the lands where farming was stopped between 1995 and 2001. Counting works on determination of composition, occurrence and projective cover by species were carried out using the method of circular plots with a radius of 1.785 m. The number of survey plots at each study site ranged from 36 to 48. The species composition of the living ground cover includes more than 60 species, and including tree and shrub vegetation – more than 72 species. The magnitude of occurrence and projective cover indicate that light-loving species predominate on post-agrarian lands. Cereals are the most abundant. Betula pendula Roth predominates in the composition of the tree layer on all experimental plots. Undergrowth on the study sites is represented by Salix triandra L., Viburnum opulus L., Frangula alnus Mill, Sorbus aucuparia L., Rosa acicularis Lindl.

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