The articles gives an analysis of the species composition of the ground vegetation formed under the effect of curly birch plantations of two ages (15 and 35 years old) in sites situated in the Zaonezhye seed orchard (Medvezhyegorsky District, Republic of Karelia), where pre-planting operations had strongly damaged the plant cover and disturbed the soil structure. Currently, average total ground vegetation cover is 70%. Surveys of both sites revealed a total of 38 species, including 32 vascular plants (chiefly forest-dwelling), 4 lichens, and 2 mosses. Among the vascular plants, 94% are native and only 6% are non-native. Although the sites are quite similar in the ground vegetation composition there are some distinctions too. To wit, the 35-year-old site was found to harbor 28 vascular plant species with Calluna vulgaris (20% of the total cover), Calamagrostis arundinacea (20%), Convallaria majalis (15%), and Avenella flexuosa (10%) prevailing. The 15-year-old stand contained 19 vascular plant species, the dominants being C. vulgaris (40%) and Vaccinium vitis-idaea (10%). The prevalent groups in the herb-subshrub layer were: in relation to light – semiheliophytes, in relation to soil moisture – mesophytes, in relation to soil fertility – mesotrophs. The distinctive features of the ground vegetation formed under the impact of curly birch plantations are primarily due to the different durations of the impact, the amount of birch litter input to the soil (with a later addition of herbaceous-subshrub litterfall), as well as, to some extent, to the species composition of the vegetation growing in the adjacent undisturbed forest area and to microtopographic roughness. It is concluded that forest crop planting is the most promising method for securing curly birch regeneration and that the Zaonezhye seed orchard is a good example of curly birch re-introduction in situ and can be used in the future both for applied purposes and in various sorts of theoretical research, acting, in particular, as an object for botanical, physiological, biochemical, or molecular genetic studies.

Cultivation of mixed plantations of pine and spruce allows us to optimize the qualitative and quantitative indicators of growing wood. Evaluation of taxation indicators in plantations with different densities allows us to determine the optimal ratio of species. The study of the qualitative characteristics of pine and spruce timber, in particular wood density, allows us to determine the indicators of the growing volume of pine and spruce timber. The aim of the study is to compare the taxation characteristics of stands with different shares of pine and spruce and wood density of different composition. The studies were conducted in 50-year mixed artificial plantations of pine and spruce with the same primary density of planting, growing on two-member sediments – type of forest site conditions C2. Region of the study Leningrad region, 23 quarter of Orlinsky district forestry Gatchina district forestry. In mixed plantations, three trial plots (TPs) were established along the slope topography, 50m x 50m in size, 0.25 ha each. A continuous count of trees with measuring diameters at the height of 1.3 m and tree heights was carried out. To determine basic wood density by maximum moisture method, pine and spruce wood cores were sampled in all rows of tree distribution in steps of 2 cm thickness at a height of 1.3 m. The study showed that the plantation composition 5E5C formed the most dense wood. The largest stock was formed in the plantation 6E4C, indicating the accumulation of volume and the optimal composition of the plantation. For spruce, an increase in the absolute completeness of its element leads to a decrease in the density of its wood. For pine, an increase or decrease in its wood density also depends on the absolute completeness and density of the accompanying spruce layer.

Has been made to assess the environment quality near on roadside areas in the city of Tyumen by on the base of bioindication method on the method of fluctuating asymmetry of hanging birch (Betula pendula Roth.) leaves blades. The stability of the developments indicator of the environment on the Barnaul and Republic streets territory of is assessed as critical or with signs of significant or significant deviations from the norm (IV and V state score). The state of the environment of the lecopark «Zatyumensky» territory by I score and is assessed as stable characterized. The fluctuating asymmetry of the birch leaves is greatly influenced by the distance from the pollutions source. It is found that the increase in the distance from the highway leads to a decrease in the difference in the birch leaves asymmetry and increase environment stabilities. The values of the leaves fluctuating asymmetry in the area of the background influence of environmental pollution (lecopark «Zatyumensky») and trees growing near highways differentiate by 40%. In the environmental stable development zone at a distance of 170 m from the pollutions source by vehicle emissions (lecopark «Zatyumensky»), the average values of leaves asymmetry are 20-45% less than in critical situations zone environmental condition. The high efficiency of using fluctuating asymmetries of leaves method of bioindification of the environment city Tyumen as a result of research has been confirmed.

The study of lawns in St. Petersburg within the framework of the project of the Russian Science Foundation "Lawn as an indicator of the state of a sustainable urban environment and adaptation to climate change" began in March 2022. The project involves the use of an interdisciplinary approach and innovative technologies, including GIS and remote sensing. It is necessary to study the role of lawns in the organization of urban space, ecological functions, as well as the species composition used in urban objects of landscape and landscape construction of St. Petersburg. The aim of the presented research is to study the species composition of lawns on test areas in the Obukhov Square of the Admiralteysky district and to identify changes in the projective coverage depending on environmental conditions. During the study, the following indicators were taken into account: the projective coverage of species on lawn profiles, the height of plants during the season, the phenological phase. According to the results of the study, information was collected by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) of the quadrocopter type, the DJI Air 2s company. The volume of data collected at the end of September for 10 objects amounted to more than 10 GB. It is recommended to develop automatic marking of lawn images by artificial intelligence to analyze the condition of the lawn. These studies clearly show that within a relatively small object, the characteristics of the lawn vary significantly, the floral composition is a sensitive indicator of the intensity of sunlight of the place and its recreational load. The lawn is heterogeneous in its current state, the way it grows up and reaction to mowing. Further research will determine to what extent the identified heterogeneity of the lawn can be taken into account when its comes to management, namely, when it is economically and technologically appropriate to take it into account.

Land that has been taken out of agricultural use, during the restoration of plant communities, contributes to the formation of tree stands, depending on the characteristics of its origin. New knowledge about the formation of plant communities on such lands can allow to predict the processes taking place in these ecosystems and to make optimal decisions for further actions. Sample plots were laid in the former old-fallow lands in the Leningrad region in contrasting landscapes of Luzhsko-Oredezhsky (Gatchinsky district) and Izhora (Volosovsky district). These fallows are currently covered with coniferous stands of mature age with different proportions of pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and spruce (Picea abies [L.] Karst). We carried out taxation and determined the agrochemical indicators of the soil profile horizons – the content of organic substance, acidity, mobile forms of phosphorus and potassium. Formed mature stands of pine and spruce on old arable land differ in their taxation characteristics, which is associated with landscape features and the soil conditions of their growth. In general, the productivity of these stands is higher than that of similar forest soils in the study region. Signs of soil cultivation under the forest remain even after a long period of time and the level of soil productivity is also higher than under stands of forest land. The agrochemical condition of the former arable soils showed that under stands with different shares of pine and spruce depending on the soil differences in the two contrasting landscapes, they are not restored to the native state of forest soils.

The purpose of the study is to update and concretize the previously developed method of quantifying stocks of medicinal plants during vegetation shifts under the influence of continuous logging. For each type of forest growing conditions (LRU), the dynamics of the projective covering of medicinal plants found in its forests with the predominance of different breeds and different stages of recovery dynamics after logging were revealed. On the basis of correlation dependencies, the phytomass of harvested plant parts for all types of forests and stages of regenerative dynamics, their biological and operational reserves have been established. Calluna vulgaris, Cetraria islandica, Arctostaphylos uva-ursi are abundant in forests of cranberry and lichen types of LRU. In cranberry pine forests, it is also possible to harvest cranberries (Vaccinium vitis-idaea), and in cranberry spruce forests, blueberries (Vaccinium myrtillus) are also possible. On normally drained loams and binomial deposits in blueberry and sour types of LRU. Majanthemum bifolium, Oxalis acetosella, Vaccinium myrtillus and Vaccinium vitis-idae are constantly found in forests of these types. After logging, the abundance of these species (except cranberries) decreases, such medicinal plants as Rubus idaeus, Chamaenerion angustifolium become dominant in cuttings and in young plants. A significant number of medicinal species are found in swampy and swampy bagulnik and sphagnum forests (Vaccinum myrtillus, Calluna vulgaris, Ledum palustre, Eriophorum vaginatum, Vaccinium vitisidaea). Athyrium filix-femina, Filipendula ulmaria, Aconitum septentrionale, Aegopodium podagraria, Pulmonaria officinalis, Urtica dioica are found in the forests of the humidification flow range. Athyrium filix-femina, Filipendula ulmaria, Equisetum sylvaticum, Lysimachia vulgaris, Menyanthes trifoliata, Comarum palustre.

The studies to improve and verify methods for quantifying forest carbon stocks, sequestration and emissions have been carried out at the first Carbon Test Site in the Kaluga region. The study aims to develop the methods and algorithms for the estimating the carbon revenues and losses in the forest biomass due to natural stand growth. The experimental part of the study includes the testing calculations for the current period and projection, in the future, for 20 years. The object of experimental work with a total area of 4134 hectares is a part of the Belyaev forest management unit of the National Park «Ugra» in the Kaluga region. Experimental calculations were based on the forest inventory performed by the visual measurement method for the first class of inventory in 2021. An algorithm has been developed to calculate the net growth (stock increment) and mortality based on the field inventory data of tree stands and tables and models of growth and productivity of forests for the current year and the projection for 20 years. The net growth and annual mortality have been converted into annual carbon sequestration in the phytomass and annual carbon storage in the wood detritus. A comparison of the current value and projections of carbon sequestration in the phytomass shows a decrease of 37 per cent in total and average for 20-year due to a decrease in the growth of the mature stands, increased mortality due to loss of trees and disintegration of stands in the transition from the mature to the over-mature stands. Carbon stocks will be redistributed between phytomass and dead organic matter pools due to the natural growth of the stands not disturbed by external influences over the projection period. The projection of annual carbon accumulation in the dead organic matter (detritus pool) with tables and models of growth and productivity for over-mature stands underestimates it. General and regional tables of growth and mortality of stands for major forest forming species need to be improved to quantify the forest carbon.

Pinus brutii (Calabrian pine) (Pinus brutia Ten.) is an important natural species of the forest communities of the Mediterranean and the Black Sea basin. The species was first described by the Italian botanist Michele Tenore in 1811. On the fringes of its distribution range, three species (in addition to the species) and one subspecies are recognized: P. brutia var. pityusa (Steven). Pinus brutia Ten. forests are important for multi-purpose forestry and have high ecological value. They are of great economic importance and represent the only or main source of wood and one of the forest cover species in some Mediterranean countries. In the Eastern Mediterranean countries it is the most important coniferous species from an economic point of view; its wood is used for many purposes. Pine forests of P. brutia play a key role in providing important indirect benefits and environmental services, such as soil and water protection, biodiversity conservation, supporting agricultural productivity, carbon sequestration, climate change, mitigation and adaptation, and combating desertification. The ability of P. brutia to grow on a wide range of soils and its high growth potential makes it one of the most promising species for countries in the Mediterranean and Black Sea basin regions. In addition, the ability to withstand aridity and resistance to continental climate and to recover from forest fires makes this species an indispensable forest species in the fragile ecosystems of the regions in question.

The technological process of removing unwanted tree and shrub vegetation from the territories of a number of infrastructure facilities often provides for a technological operation of raking and / or collecting chopped residues in a mechanized way using such mechanization tools as forest rakes. Due to the variety of these technical means (differing in purpose, scope, methods of aggregation with the base vehicle, as well as design features), their classification according to some classification criteria (in particular, working width and density) is difficult due to the significant influence of the subjective component, which affects direct assignment of classified forest rakes to one or another element of the corresponding classification series. Based on the analysis of the main design parameters of more than 500 models of forest rakes of domestic and foreign production, the author has established a system of equations describing the position of the boundaries of the characteristic zones of the distribution of the width of the forest rake from the number of their teeth. To assess the width of the forest rake as a classification features, it is proposed to use the criterion of the specific width of the rake, defined as a function of the ratio of the width of the rake to the width of one tooth. To assess the density of the distribution of forest rake teeth along the width of their capture, it is proposed to use the criterion of the teeth density as a classification features, taking into account the ratio of the interval between two adjacent teeth and the width of the forest rake, the boundary values of this criterion are proposed. The results of mathematical modeling of the critical (minimum) width of a forest rake, depending on their number of teeth and the width of one tooth, characterizing the moment of transition of a forest rake into the category of «forest brushes» are shown. The mathematical model considered in the work allows with a sufficient degree of accuracy to classify forest rakes in terms of separating existing and / or promising technical means for collecting and raking chopped residues according to such classification features as «rake width» and «teeth distribution density».

The paper deals with the estimation of operational factors affecting forest machine maintainability. The main goal of this study is to substantiate and test the order of operational factors estimation using correlation and regression methods. A brief description of statistical methods of operational factor analysis is presented in the first part of the paper. The second part of the paper presents the obtained multiple regression equation and determined values of beta coefficients. Operation time of forest machine, staff employment period and servicing base technological infrastructure are accepted as independent variables determining servicing time. The interaction between independent variables and servicing time is presented as a multiple equation of linear regression. Pair correlation coefficients are used as indices of close linkage among the analyzed variable quantities. The system of normal equations is used to determine the regression coefficients of the linear model. The analysis of the obtained regression equation is given in the final part of the paper. The coefficient of determination is used as the accuracy and completeness criterion of factor selection. According to the obtained value of the criterion, it was concluded that the level of completeness of factor selection is sufficiently high. The statistical significance of regression coefficients is verified using Student's test. All considered factors are recognized as significant for servicing time estimation according to the results of verification. Furthermore, operation time of forest machine is recognized as the general maintenance factor affecting the duration of technical impacts. The effects of the staff employment period and the servicing base technological infrastructure differ slightly from each other; however, the servicing base technological infrastructure factor is more significant.

The study is aimed at developing the theoretical description of the process of briquetting wood raw materials. The purpose of this article is to unify the approach to building a model for pressing a wood material as an elastic-viscous-plastic body and consider its hardening in accordance with the power-law dependence of the plasticity limit on density. The study is based on the analysis of the results obtained earlier in the field of mathematical modeling of the pressing of hardening wood materials. The implementation of the proposed dependencies is carried out using the methods of approximate solution of differential equations in the Maple computer mathematics system. The developed unified model makes it possible to predict the stress that occurs in the briquetted wood material and, therefore, to estimate the pressing pressure required to form a briquette with a given strength. An important feature of the proposed model is that the replacement of the equation for the plasticity limit or its parameters does not require a revision of its entire structure. It has been established that the implementation of the numerical solution of the differential equation of the relationship between stress and strain of an elastic-viscous-plastic body with the inclusion of a nonlinear dependence of the ultimate strength in the modern Maple computer mathematics system did not cause computational difficulties. The prospect of further research is to conduct additional experiments in order to clarify the nonlinear dependence of the plasticity limit on density and other physical, mechanical and qualitative parameters of the processed raw materials.

The analysis of the physical and mechanical properties of the sport-running plastic skis made with the use of prepregs based on different reinforcing fillers has been carried out. Reinforcement of polymeric composite materials is carried out by fiber fillers, which include a large number of various textile structures made on the basis of fibers and yarns (yarn, chemical threads) and/or paper webs. Domestic widespread materials were chosen as reinforcing fillers: direct glass roving, basalt and polyester fibers. The wide range of different fiber structures is explained by the need to obtain prepregs with different mechanical, technological and functional properties, which will have decisive values for the final product. The purpose of this study is to determine the influence of different NAs on the performance properties of skis. The following performance properties were studied as determinants: the straightening load (Fischer stiffness index), the stiffness of the ski middle part, the height of the residual deflection, the stiffness constant of the ski front (rear) parts . On the example of the developed domestic epoxy binder and prepregs obtained on its basis using different reinforcing fillers (glass, basalt and polyester), it is shown that the physical and mechanical properties of the final product (skis) directly depend on the nature of the filler.

Fractals are found in the structure of solids, self-similarity is also characteristic of the structure of wood. The property of individual parts to be similar to the entire structure as a whole is called fractal. Based on the application of the principles of fractal geometry, the equations of topochemical kinetics are modified. This approach makes it possible to generalize the existing equations and obtain more accurate values of the kinetic parameters. Being a quantitative integral characteristic of the microstructure of an object, the fractal dimension makes it possible to find its surface area or volume with a given level of approximation. At the same time, the relationship between the surface area of solid-phase reagents and their fractal dimension makes it possible to use it in a formal kinetic analysis. To describe the kinetics of processes involving reaction centers, the «reaction fractal dimension» can be used, i.e. the dimension of the set of reaction centers. The introduction of fractal dimension into the equations of topochemical kinetics makes it possible to quantitatively take into account the influence of the state of the surface, as well as, in the future, the change in its morphology with time. Understanding the principles of constructing fractal systems, it is possible to determine the structure and topography of the surface of porous bodies, in particular, the glue joint of wood (plywood), which was the goal of this work. Based on the measurements carried out, we came to the conclusion about the heterogeneity of the structure of wood, in the framework of the theory of fractals. The main factor indicating the heterogeneity of the wood structure is the consolidation processes in one form or another, present in the plywood production technology. It is assumed that the composite wood material, in particular plywood, has a dispersion base, i.e. the skeleton of the material is formed by dispersed particles (a wood substance partially filled with glue) and interparticle pores. The idealization of wood-polymer material is carried out, since by their nature such materials are consolidated dispersed media, in their manufacture it is necessary to take into account random deviations and random interactions of technological factors. To build the structure of a wood-polymer material (plywood), a method for determining the fractal dimension is used, based on measuring the laws of density distribution in composites. The fractal dimension can be used as a universal constant characterizing the structure of the composite. The values of the fractal dimension obtained by us for plywood based on modified adhesives indicate that the so-called superposition (overlay) of both types of components (resin and modifier) takes place during manufacture. Note that the fractal dimension is sensitive to changes in technological regimes, so when the nature and nature of the modifier change, the fractal dimension changes, as well as, in our opinion, the physical and mechanical parameters of plywood.

The influence of fillers on polymerization parameters of epoxy compositions produced with the use of secondary terpenoid compounds as anhydride type curing agents has not been studied before. The peculiarity of the curing process of thermosetting polymer binders is a sequential transition from one aggregate state to another, i.e. from liquid to gel-like and solid state, and each change of aggregate state is characterized by its phase transition. The knowledge of phase transition temperatures allows to develop optimal curing modes. The knowledge of the phase transition temperature kinetics makes it possible to determine the degree of the binder polymerization. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal filler content (polymerization catalyst) using differential scanning calorimetry to obtain the final product (plastic sports and running skis) with the required physical and mechanical properties. The modern research method of differential scanning calorimetry allows to fix the heat flux, which characterizes the changes occurring in the substance as a result of heating. This makes it possible to determine the optimal polymerization conditions by changing the filler content in the epoxy binder of the composite material. The results of the research are presented in the form of DSC curves showing all thermal effects manifested in the material in the temperature range under study. The samples of epoxy binders for the composite material were obtained on the basis of epoxy resin (MM = 390‒430), terpenoid anhydride hardener, organic solvents (simple saturated ketones and esters) and modifying additives (plasticizers, polymerization catalysts, fillers). Our research allowed to determine the optimal filler (polymerization catalyst) content (4,5 wt. %) using differential scanning calorimetry to obtain the final product (plastic wrestling skis) with the required physical and mechanical properties (deflection ‒ 27 mm, rigidity of the ski's middle part ‒ 165 N/mm, rigidity index FA (Fisher index ) ‒ 505 N, rigidity of the ski's middle part ‒ 2683 N, rigidity of the ski's toe part ‒ 2,42 N/mm, rigidity of the ski's heel part ‒ 2,31 N/mm).

The article analyzes the grinding of wood across the fibers, considers the conditions and nature of chip formation, provides a theoretical definition of the tangential cutting force, considers the nature of the wear of the sandpaper under conditions of its partial self-sharpening, and the wear resistance criterion. According to the modern concept of an abrasive tool, its specific features are the absence of a solid cutting edge that any bladed tool has, the presence of an irregular geometric shape of abrasive grains with rounded tops, which causes negative cutting angles. To understand the physical essence of the wood grinding process, it is necessary to have a general idea of the geometric shapes of the grains, how the chip removal process proceeds, what system of forces acts on the abrasive grain. In the process of abrasive cutting of wood across the fibers, the participation of all cutting grains is not equivalent. This phenomenon can be explained by the fact that some of the grains do the work of cutting the fibers, as a result of which for the other part of the grains it remains only to overcome the adhesion between the fibers, that is, to perform the work of elementary shearing. Thus, part of the grains makes a closed cut, as in the case of transverse sawing with circular saws, and part of the grains participates in open cutting across the fibers. In the case of an abrasive tool with predominant clogging, the main wear resistance criterion is the specific grinding performance, since the surface quality not only does not deteriorate as the tool wears, but even tends to improve. When sanding wood across the grain, the abrasive tool is able to work for a longer time and with higher productivity. But since the wear process in this case is accompanied by grain chipping, open areas may appear on the surface of the skin, which, on the one hand, leads to some decrease in grinding productivity, and most importantly, to a deterioration in the quality of the treated surface.

The quality of paper depends on the efficiency of the dewatering forming processes of paper machines (PMs). Initial forming and dewatering processes, such as filtering water through the fabric to form a settling fiber layer, are performed on the PM fabric table. The efficiency of the forming process is predetermined by the character of changes in the mass concentration and height of the suspension layer along the forming table. At the moment, the issue of program simulation of processes and productions is relevant, because it allows you to get away from the physical experiment. Proceeding from the topicality of the question, the main purpose of the research was to develop an algorithm for modeling the process of dewatering on the PM forming table and its software implementation to justify effective design parameters of dewatering elements. To realize the goal set and solved a number of tasks: specification and substantiation of theoretical principles of calculation of the processes of dewatering; substantiation of the algorithm of calculation and its software realization; simulation of the process as applied to the real process of dewatering for offset paper and the development of recommendations for optimization of constructive parameters of dewatering elements on the basis of the data of simulation; using the developed algorithm and the specially developed program making it possible to carry out calculation of dewatering elements for offset paper. On the basis of the researches made and the results of modeling the scientifically substantiated recommendations for improving the layout of dewatering elements and the angle of hydrofoils slope are developed. Changing the working angle of inclination of hydrofoils at the investigated section increases efficiency of dewatering in the register part by 4.6%, which will allow increasing dryness of paper web at the outlet of the zone and achieving greater energy efficiency without significant investments into modernization.

The article discusses the practical aspects of changing the technological parameters of cooking sulfate coniferous unbleached cellulose in relation to the conditions of «Group «Ilim», a branch in Ust-Ilimsk, in the conditions of operation of a continuous cooking plant with exceeding the design capacity. The enlarged technological calculations have shown the need for reconstruction of the cooking and washing area in order to eliminate the negative consequences, which resulted in an increase in the productivity of the previously installed technological unit while trying to comply with acceptable environmental performance indicators of the enterprise. Achieving an optimal combination of production productivity, product quality and environmental friendliness of a pulp and paper enterprise is the goal of any production reconstruction and technology improvement. The operation of the continuous cooking unit in an overloaded mode leads to a reduction in the duration of the technological processes of impregnation of wood chips and subsequent sulfate cooking, causes problems with uniformity of movement of the wood chips in the zones of the digester and leads to a decrease in the efficiency of washing the resulting pulp. Since an increase in the capacity of the cooking unit leads to the production of rigid cellulose, from which residual lignin can be removed only when an additional bleaching stage using chlorine is included in the bleaching technological scheme, the content of organochlorine compounds in the wastewater of the cooking and washing department of the enterprise exceeds permissible environmental standards. The article proposes a variant of the reconstruction of a continuous cooking plant, which allows to increase the efficiency of the production of sulfate cellulose with the achievement of the required indicators of the discharge of pollutants into the environment. To eliminate the negative consequences of the operation of the cooking unit in conditions of a significant excess of its design the capacity, it is necessary to additionally install an impregnation column and increase the cooking zone by lowering extraction sieves into the zone of diffusion washing of the digester.

Modern forestry machines are operated in various climatic conditions, characterized by sudden temperature changes, high humidity, and dustiness. The impact on the paint coatings of an aggressive environment leads to their destruction and the occurrence of corrosion processes on the surface of the equipment. The purpose of this work was to improve the protective properties of paint coatings by introducing organic corrosion inhibitors into them. For testing, flat samples of sheet steel St.3 were used, 140x70 mm in size, 0.8 – 1.0 mm thick with a clean surface. The studied paintwork consisted of ML-152 enamel with inhibitors introduced into it. The following organic compounds were studied as inhibitors: 6-(paminobenzenesulfamido)- 2,4-dimethoxypyrimidine, p-aminobenzenesulfaguanidine, 2-(p-aminobenzenesulfamido)-thiazole, 2-(p-aminobenzenesulfamido)-4,6 dimethylpyrimidine, benzotriazole . Using visual and electrochemical methods, water extracts from a polymer coating with additives introduced into it, the corrosion resistance of steel samples with applied paint coatings with additives, and the electrical insulating properties of paint coating films were studied. As a result of the work carried out, it was shown that water extracts from a polymer coating based on ML-152 enamel, with additives introduced into it, have a corrosion-inhibiting effect. It has been established that the additives introduced into the ML-152 enamel increase the anodic polarization of the samples and slow down the electrode processes on the metal during the entire exposure time. The studied additives increase the resistance of polymer films up to 1.8 Ohm. The most effective additives that slow down corrosion when they are introduced into ML-152 enamel are 2-(p-aminobenzenesulfamido)-thiazole and 2-(paminobenzenesulfamido)- 4,6 dimethylpyrimidine.

At doping of glass As₂Se₃ with tin, lead, bismuth or indium the isothermal volumetric crystallization of the received glasses in optimum conditions is possible. The influence of additives of indium on character and kinetic parameters of crystallization of As₂Se₃ glass is insufficiently studied. The aim of this work is the comparative analysis of isothermal volumetric crystallization kinetics of _As2Se3 and AsSe_1,5In_0,01 (0,4 at. % In) glasses. Glasses were synthesized by vacuum melting method from especially pure elemental substances with total mass of 7 g in the range of 700–900 С with subsequent quenching of quartz ampoules with melts from 900 С in an air stream. Volumetric isothermal crystallization kinetics of AsSe_1,5In _0,01 glasses were studied in the temperature interval of 200–260 С by methods of density measurements, microhardness, temperature dependence of conductivity, and quantitative X-ray diffraction analysis of quenched samples. Analysis of the kinetics of volumetric crystallization of glasses was performed according to effective density measurements using the generalized Kolmogorov–Avrami equation. Тhe addition of 0.4 at.% In to the As₂Se₃ glass changed the crystallization character from surface-volumetric to uniform throughout the volume and accelerated the devitrification of the main As₂Se₃ phase, reducing about 2 times the latent period of As₂Se₃ phase separation and 4 times the kinetic period of half-transformation at 240 C in comparison with pure As₂Se₃ glass. The influence of indium doping on isothermal crystallization of As₂Se₃ glass is manifested mainly in reduction of thermodynamic barrier and activation energy of bulk heterogeneous nucleation of lamellar crystals of As₂Se₃ phase on primary phase β – In₂Se₃ nanocrystals.