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No 239 (2022)

FORESTRY

6-21 62
Abstract

Among the variety of models of growth and productivity of forest stands, a special class of models stands out, which allow predicting the process of thinning. Their purpose is to predict the number of growing trees per unit area in the future for a given initial age and a large number of trees. Numerous studies show that the algebraic difference approach provides acceptable modeling results by predicting the number of trees at a given point in time based on current age data and considering trees. The purpose of the study is to model the thinning of forest plantations based on long-term observations on the permanent test plots with equations obtained using the algebraic difference approach. To study serious measurement data in pine stands of artificial origin on 89 permanent test plots in the Forest Experimental Station of the RSAUMTAA. According to the literary sources of sources, 11 models of thinning of forest stands, a method for obtaining an algebraic difference choice from the basic bases for using various transformations of the initial parameters. For forest cultivated pines in the best dynamic thinning model, formula (N6) based on the ADA methodology is justified. This model is polymorphic and base increase invariant, which requires the use of predictions. The model makes it possible to predict the number of trees, both for naturally formed forest stands, and with the inevitability of disposal. The application of the developed dynamic thinning model should be limited only by the conditions to which the experimental materials relate. A selective research methodology can be used to identify forms of thinning of other forest-forming species in Russia.

22-36 73
Abstract

The purpose of the work is to study the growth and regeneration of Siberian stone pine at the objects of forest drainage in the Northern pre-Urals, which are of scientific interest in connection with the extreme eastern position of these objects in Europe and the presence of Siberian stone pine in the stands, classified as protected species and included in the Red Book of the Komi Republic. Research was carried out in the Nizhne-Omrinsky district forestry of the Troitsko-Pechorsky forestry. Drainage was performed in 1989. In carrying out the investigations, existing recommendations for accounting of forest drainage efficiency and traditional methods of forestry and inventory studies were used. In stands at the objects of study, spruce is the predominant species. The participation of Siberian stone pine is from 0.5 to 6 units of the composition of stands. According to observations at weather stations in Yekaterinburg and Troitsko- Pechorsk, a reliable increase in precipitation due to climate change had been observed over the past century. Under these conditions, it was the forest drainage that could be a factor in balancing the arrival and consumption of moisture. Spruce prevails at the objects of study as part of regeneration. The regeneration of Siberian stone pine was noted at 87.5% of sample plots. The participation of Siberian stone pine in areas with its presence varies from 1 to 4 units. The absolute density of the Siberian stone pine varies from 0.1 to 1.8 thousand pieces/ha. Drainage had a positive effect on the regeneration of Siberian stone pine. In 75% of cases, small Siberian stone pine regeneration prevails, which appeared mainly after drainage. The density of the regeneration of all species, including Siberian stone pine, increases as it approaches the channels. Average periodic radial increment over the five-year period preceding drainage, in the first and second five-year period after drainage correspond to 0.58; 0.66 and 0.78 cm. The increment for the first and second five-year period after drainage compared to the five-year period before drainage was of 14 and 35% respectively. From the second five-year period after drainage, the increment increases. The increment is higher for young trees and trees, that located close to the channels. It is proposed to perform forest drainage of small objects with Siberian stone pine, to limit themselves to talveg drainage, not necessarily to straight-line channels, to include recommendations on local forest drainage of areas with Siberian stone pine in technological maps of forest cuttings, as well as in projects and technical maps of cleaning cuttings.

37-54 63
Abstract

The aim of the study is to reduce the timing of timber growth in forest plantations based on the use of multistage selection for seed and vegetative propagation. In test cultures of Norway spruce, the age dynamics of tree growth (up to plantation age of 28 years) is estimated according to the following planting variants: interspecific hybrid (Picea abies x Picea sibirica) spruce seedlings, autogenerative mixed progeny of fast-growing 4-year-old seedlings, polyclonal mixture (autogenerative mixed progeny of the fastest growing nurslings of 5– 10 years old with selection intensity 18–20%), sibling and semi-sibling families. According to the research results, sibs progenies of plus trees are characterized by the highest growth rate in the experiment. Sibs are recommended for use in works on selective forest improvement to obtain seedlings of exceptionally fast growth and strictly controlled origin. A lower growth rate as compared to sibs progenies of plus trees is characteristic of semi-sibs progenies, polyclonal mixture and interspecific hybrid progenies (Picea abies x Picea sibirica). For silvicultural purposes, it is primarily recommended to use semi-sib progenies of plus trees. Making clonal mixtures and interspecific hybridization are characterized by comparable growth rate with semi-sibs, but a significantly higher level of costs. The lowest growth rate is characteristic of cuttings, so for the purpose of obtaining high growth rate, the use of this method of reproduction of valuable genotypes is inexpedient. During the age period from 4 to 28 years, semi-sib and sib families of plus trees show a pronounced stability of rank position. Application of multistage selection in growing stands (selection of the best stands and plus trees, selection of the best semi-sib families or the best crosses of plus trees for sib families, selection of the best mixtures of sib and semi-sib families) allows to achieve the maximum effect in increasing the growth rate of artificial stands of Norway spruce.

55-75 125
Abstract

The article substantiates the relevance of diversification of methods of production of forest crops of Scots pine and confirms the feasibility of their creation in the Nizhny Novgorod region by sowing seeds. The Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) is one of the most economically significant tree species suitable for artificial reforestation and breeding improvement in the Russian Federation and other countries of Europe and Asia. The forest cultures of Scots pine, created in the Nizhny Novgorod region by sowing seeds and planting seedlings, have been studied. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the effectiveness of creating forest crops of Scots pine by sowing seeds and to determine the prospects of using these technologies in the conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region. The object of the study was the plots of forest crops of Scots pine, created both by sowing normal seeds (2015) and planting standard two-year seedlings (2017) on the territory of the Borsky district forestry of the Nizhny Novgorod region. Its coordinates are 56°21'29.2"N, 44°4'29.3"E; altitude above sea level is 78 m. The surveyed area is assigned to the zone of coniferous-deciduous forests, coniferousdeciduous forest area of the European part of the Russian Federation (3 forest area). The methodology included the basic requirements for the organization of experience: typicality, suitability, expediency and reliability, compliance with the principle of the only logical difference. The biological age of the plants in the compared plots was the same and at the time of accounting was 5 years. The methodology provided for fullscale instrumental taxation of forest crop plots, continuous enumeration on sample areas, statistical and variance analysis of data. Differences in all analyzed taxation indicators of forest crops created by sowing and planting have been established. A significant excess of the height and length of the leafless part of the crown in forest crops created by sowing normal seeds has been confirmed. There are no significant differences in the diameter of the barrel between the technology options. The method is recognized as effective in the conditions of the Nizhny Novgorod region and is proposed for a wider industrial application.

76-88 51
Abstract

The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the subsequent reforestation of the main species at the sites of sanitary clear-cutting 3–10 years ago in the forestries of Arsky, Sabinsky (north-west of the Republic of Tatarstan) and Bugulminsk (southeast of Tatarstan). In all experimental areas, the total density of undergrowth of forestforming species in the fellings exceeds that under control. The occurrence of undergrowth on cuttings and on control is, as a rule, 80–100%, i. e. undergrowth is evenly distributed over the area. The fellings in the north-western part of the Republic are dominated by birch undergrowth with the participation of spruce and aspen, in the understory the shrub willow dominates. The total number of woody and shrubby plants amounted to 18–30 thousand copies / ha. In the Bugulma forestry, on richer soils, but with less moisture by precipitation, the undergrowth of maple and linden predominates on the fellings, hazel or rowan in the understory, in the total amount of 13–21 thousand copies / ha. The tendency to reduce the number of undergrowth on fellings in both parts of the Republic with the achievement of a density of undergrowth of 10 thousand copies / ha or more is revealed. On the fellings in the Arsk and Sabinsky forestries, the undergrowth of valuable tree species (spruce, birch, linden), as a rule, is present in sufficient quantities – 10–13 thousand copies / ha. Therefore, in most cases, in the fellings, you can limit yourself to carrying out clarifications to remove aspen impurities or thinning birch for better spruce growth. In the Bugulma forestry, the density of undergrowth of maple, or maple with linden is 7–9 thousand copies / ha. Here, apparently, it will be necessary to create curtain (group) oak crops, where the number of its seedlings is insufficient or uneven in area.

89-103 92
Abstract

The forest cultures of scots pine were studied in the 96th quarter of the Veshkelsky district forestry of the Suoyarva Central forestry of the Republic of Karelia. Prior to logging, forest type – Pinetum vacciniosum of t his site. Logging was carried out in 2009, the number of stumps is 893 pcs./ha. In the spring of 2013, tillage was carried out by creating mineralized strips with a Forwarder tractor coupled with a PD-2 plow. Planting of forest crops was carried out by standard 2- year-old seedlings of scots pine – Pinus sylvestris L. under the Kolesov sword. The initial density was 3500 copies/ha. The planting material was obtained from the Suoyarva forest nursery. The soil is sandy loam, lightly salted. Survival rate after the first year is 97.7%, safety after the third year is 95.0%. At the time of the survey, the composition of young animals on the forest crops site was 68C23B9Os +E The total number of young animals is 3840 copies/ha., of which pine trees are 2300 copies/ha. All types of work by the ground method are carried out on accounting sites of different sizes with a minimum number of plants of the main breed of at least 150 pcs. (with an area of a forest-cultivated plot of up to 3 ha) and at least 400 pcs. with an area of more than 10 hectares. All types of work are significantly reduced when using modern methods. One of the methods to reduce labor costs is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles. Modern aircraft make it possible to obtain all the main characteristics of forest crops: density, average height, the nature of placement by area and the vital condition of plants. The accuracy of determining the height of plants and the diameter of the crown was about 2%. At the same time, the determination of the density of forest crops using UAVs turned out to be more accurate than using the ground method, respectively 2631 and 2300 copies/ ha. The use of UAVs, in addition, makes it possible to obtain additional information – microrelief, areas with forest crops, curtain and sinusium, which, according to certain characteristics, cannot be transferred to a forested area. unsuitable for translation. The preservation of forest crops was more than 75% at the time of the survey. Therefore, the studied forest crops are subject to transfer to a forested area.

104-116 95
Abstract

On the basis of literature data and materials of the authors own research an attempt was made to develop a system of economic measures aimed at minimizing the damage from the reduction in the area of agricultural land. The study was based on the sampling area. Excused from agricultural land use are divided into 2 groups. The first included areas overgrown with woody vegetation that is areas, that in accordance with the current regulatory documents can be transferred to the lands covered with forest vegetation. Here it is planned to conduit forestry anile at growing high performance sustainable planting for the intended purpose. The second group was a plot of woody vegetation. In areas whore the transactional irdicators of under growth do not allow them to be transferred to lands covered with forest vegetation it is planned to conduct farms taking into account the effective fertility of the soil. It the potential fertility of the soil does not provide a yield of grain crops equal to the average for the area over the past 3–5 years, this site is recommended to be used to create forest plantations from fast growing breeds. In particular from Sukachevs larch, which at the age of 60 provides a stock of stem wood up to 740 m3/ha. It is advisable to create forest plantations also from soft hard woods, however, similar studies have wot been carried out in the Middle Urals. Plots with soil fertility that allow grow grain crops equal to and alove the average for the region over the past 3–5 years are to be to cleared of woody vegetation and involvement in agricultural activities and involvement in agricultural activities. The same thing shoned also be carried out on overgrowing with woody vegetation plots, with low effective soil fertility, if the agricultural producers have financial opportunities to significantly improve soil fertility.

117-130 75
Abstract

Based on the actual materials of meteorological observations for a 62-year period (from 1959 to 2021), the nature and dynamics of precipitation falling in the cold months of the year (from November to March) were studied. It is established that the dynamics of the amount of precipitation of the cold period by year is characterized by cyclicity. There is an alternation of periods with trends of increasing and decreasing precipitation. During the study period, the maximum precipitation of these months was 230 mm (1999–2000), and the minimum – 60 mm (1987–1988). Despite the cyclical change in the amount of precipitation, there is a tendency to progressively increase this indicator from the beginning to the end of observations. Moreover, the increase in November and March precipitation is the most pronounced. Precipitation of other months also increases, but to a lesser extent. Thus, in modern conditions of climate change, the cold period of the year becomes not only warmer, but also snowy. The minimum, maximum and average values of the amount of precipitation vary significantly by month. During the study period, the largest amount of precipitation falls in November (on average 33.7 mm), and the smallest – in February (20.9 mm). The amount of precipitation of a single month during the study period is characterized by high variability. The greatest variation in precipitation over the past 62 years is typical for March (63.9%), and the smallest – for December (46.2%). The distribution series of monthly precipitation (from November to March) of the 62-year period are characterized by positive asymmetry and, in most cases, positive excess. The Weibull function is the most universal for describing empirical series of precipitation distribution by year. It can be used to develop predictive models for estimating the volume and dynamics of the incoming part of the precipitation of the cold period of the year. Such models are relevant for developing the right strategy for the creation, formation and operation of a PO.

TECHNOLOGY AND EQUIPMENT OF LOGGING INDUSTRIES

131-140 65
Abstract

During the operation of logging machines, scheduled inspections and maintenance are carried out in accordance with regulatory and technical documentation in order to maintain a serviceable condition throughout the entire period of operation. When a certain resource of machines is reached, malfunctions occur, which can accumulate and cause a decrease in performance. To identify such malfunctions, technical diagnostics are performed in order to identify malfunctions earlier, which can cause a decrease in productivity and, as a result, lead to premature downtime. To assess the fitness of machines for maintenance, it is necessary to take into account such indicators as the availability coefficient, the range of fuel lubricants, and the unification of tools. When performing maintenance, there is a possibility of the technical condition of the machines becoming faulty due to the occurrence of not only functional failures, but also parametric ones. Ensuring the fitness of machines for diagnostics must be formed taking into account the stages of development, which allows you to identify failures and ensure the operation of the machine above the level of the revenue rate. In the article, the dependence of the cost price on the load capacity is presented by the example of reducing the compression of the engine of a forest transport vehicle. In the case of an increase in the cost price above the level of the income rate due to a decrease in load capacity, a state of malfunction occurs, which is characterized by a parametric failure. Timely diagnosis is necessary to prevent parametric failure. The frequency of diagnostic work should be optimal in order to reduce operational losses. The definition of total operational losses is presented in the form of dependencies of the occurrence of a parametric failure at a constant time interval and at random moments with an unknown distribution law, as well as if failures may not occur at all.

141-150 60
Abstract

A dynamic model of the system «operator – feller – buncher machine – object of labor – tree» has been developed. The mathematical description is in the form of the Lagrange equation of the second kind. The system of equations is solved for the elastic deformation of the operator's seat back by the Runge–Kutta method, using the MathCAD programming environment. Approbation of the model was carried out on the example of commercially available feller-bunchers machines LP-19А.

151-160 54
Abstract

A dynamic model of the system «operator-feller-bunchermachine-object of labortree » has been developed. The mathematical description is in the form of the Lagrange equation of the second kind. The system of equations is solved for the elastic deformation of the operator's seat back by the Runge–Kutta method, using the MathCAD programming environment. Approbation of the model was carried out on the example of commercially available feller-bunchers machines LP-19A.

161-171 59
Abstract

Modern roads in general and logging roads in particular are characterized by a complex of engineering structures, where the most important are curved sections, which largely determine the level of technical and economic indicators and traffic safety. Annual economic losses due to the unsuccessful design of the logging road route cause enormous damage to enterprises and sectors of the economy. The process of designing logging roads includes a technological sequence of design operations, which necessitates the development of scientifically based design methods. Therefore, increasing the efficiency of road construction production is associated with improving the methods of surveying, designing and building logging roads. As the intensity of traffic on logging roads increased, it became necessary to optimally design the geometric elements of the road, in particular, curved sections. The aim of the work is to determine ways to improve the methodology for designing and geometric control of the construction of road curves. Some design curvilinear outlines of road sections, for example, braking transition curves of transport interchanges, sometimes do not fully ensure the safety and efficiency of traffic in general and logging in particular, and require appropriate improvement. Consequently, the existing technological scheme for conducting survey work, based on the use of traditional geodetic measurement methods, needs to be improved. Based on the use of modern information and intellectual technologies, ground-based stereophotogrammetry, which allows obtaining high-quality survey materials, and thanks to the presented methodology, it is possible to obtain mathematical dependencies to determine the optimal geometric parameters of curved sections of logging roads.

172-180 56
Abstract

The article proposes to evaluate the layout of a wheeled skidder by the coefficient of uneven distribution of loads on the front and rear supports (axes) in the process of its movement along the uneven track. It can also be used for other vehicles for various purposes.

181-190 53
Abstract

In article the dynamic model of system is developed «the operator – skidding tractor – tree bunch». The mathematical description is worked out in the form of the equation of Lagrange second number. The system of the equations is solved concerning elastic deformation of the suspension seats. Model approbation is carried out on an example of serially felling and skidding machine LP-19A.

191-201 68
Abstract

Известны теоретические зависимости, позволяющие рассчитать силу сцепления движителя с опорной поверхностью. С точки зрения практического использования, полученные результаты не удобны, поскольку для получения числовой оценки силы либо коэффициента сцепления необходимо интегрировать функцию касательного напряжения от деформации сдвига, переменной по длине пятна контакта, что представляет собой трудоемкую вычислительную задачу. Для уточнения практических оценок сцепления движителя с почвогрунтом, необходимы дальнейшие исследования, включающие в себя поиск максимального значения интеграла касательного напряжения с учетом переменного коэффициента буксования. Решению данной вычислительной задачи посвящена предлагаемая статья. Исследование основывается на методах теории движения автомобильного транспорта в условиях бездорожья. При реализации теоретических моделей используются сведения о физико-механических свойствах почвогрунтов. Расчеты выполнены в программе Maple 2017 с использованием встроенных команд высокого уровня. Анализ расчетных данных и их аппроксимация выполнены методом наименьших квадратов (МНК) с оценкой значимости коэффициентов аппроксимирующих функций. В результате выполненного исследования получены зависимости, позволяющие на практике оценить максимальное значение коэффициента сцепления движителя машины с опорной поверхностью и соответствующий ему коэффициент буксования. Уравнения учитывают физико-механические свойства почвогрунта (удельное сцепление, угол внутреннего трения и модуль сдвига) и параметры движителя (длина пятна контакта, среднее давление по пятну контакта, шаг грунтозацепов). Полагаем, что использование предлагаемых формул позволит проводить уточненный расчет тягово-сцепных свойств движителей колесных и гусеничных лесных машин, взаимодействующих с деформируемым лесным почвогрунтом.

WOOD SCIENCE. MECHANICAL WOODWORKING INDUSTRY

202-211 66
Abstract

In the work, experimental thermal imaging studies were carried out at an industrial enterprise of the temperature regimes of operation of large-sized continuous convective dryers. Photographic surveys and scanning of the distribution of the temperature field in a pile of lumber during the period of unloading from the chamber of the drying plant were carried out using thermal imaging equipment. According to the results of the analysis of the data obtained, an increased temperature background is noted in the lower part of the stack, which is obviously associated with a more significant energy supply in this part of the lumber stack. The experimental data obtained indicate an uneven field of energy carrier velocities, and hence temperatures in the block of distribution of physical quantities for heat treatment of the material along the height of the drying chamber.

212-219 74
Abstract

One of the types of technologies for using soft-leaved wood can be rolling in rolls. At the same time, waste is reduced, it is possible to obtain high physical and mechanical properties of wood. The installation can be relatively simple, have a low material and energy consumption. The method of rolling wood in rolls is little studied. The application of the theory of metal rolling is difficult. These theories are based on the representation of the material as isotropic and plastic. When designing the installation, an assessment of the self-tightening condition was given. When the size is reduced from 100 mm to 70 mm with a coefficient of friction less than 0.2, it leads to a significant increase (up to 3000 mm) in the diameter of the rolls. In order to reduce the overall dimensions of the installation, a scheme with freely rotating rolls with preloading of the workpiece with some axial force was adopted. The expressions obtained to determine the total and axial forces showed that, depending on the degree of compaction, the resulting forces reach significant values. This circumstance served as the basis for the design of a multicellular rolling plant. In general, when designing a multicellular installation, there are a number of somewhat independent parameters: the rolling speed, the distance between the stands, the clearance between the rolls, the diameters of the rolls. Among the efficiency indicators can be distinguished: axial (tangential) and normal forces, power consumption, degree of compaction and corresponding physical and mechanical properties of wood, surface quality and parameters characterizing the shape of the product. For the optimal design problem, the dependence of the tangential force on the degree of compaction can be taken as an objective function. With the assumptions made, the objective function and constraints are linear and the task of finding optimal values of the degree of compaction by steps can be done using linear programming methods. The developed technique makes it possible to determine the normal and tangential forces, as well as the required drive power of the installation, depending on the required degree of compaction of wood. A method of optimal design of a multicellular installation has been developed, which provides a rational distribution of degrees of compaction by stages with minimal preload force.

CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF WOOD. BIO TECHNOLOGY

220-235 83
Abstract

This study is related to the development of highly efficient methods for processing renewable plant materials to isolate extractives. The variety of biologically active components of wood greenery of coniferous trees determines the wide possibilities of its application. The purpose of this work is to study the effect of technological parameters of emulsion extraction of wood greenery of pine and larch on the yield of extractives in a rotary pulsation apparatus and a gravitational type apparatus. The emulsion extraction method used, developed at the Institute of Chemistry of the Komi Scientific Center of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, is environmentally friendly and allows the extraction of biologically active compounds from plant materials without the use of organic solvents. In this study, parameters such as hydromodule – ratio of the volume of water-alkaline solution to the mass of raw materials, alkali concentration and extraction time were varied. All these parameters affect the physicochemical characteristics of the emulsion mixture and, as a result, the degree of extraction of raw materials. It has been established that the emulsion extraction of low molecular weight compounds on a gravity-type apparatus ensures the production of 165 liters of extract with a yield of extractives of 7.67 ± 0.12% by weight of dry raw materials from wood greenery of pine and 6.44 ± 0.2% from wood greenery of larch at optimal conditions: hydromodule 10:1, NaOH concentration 4%, extraction time 4 hours. The use of a rotary pulsation apparatus makes it possible to process raw materials in small volumes (3 liters) in 15–20 minutes of processing at a hydromodule of 12:1-14:1 with a yield of extractives from wood greenery of pine of 6.65. ±0.05% and 4.15±0.16% from wood greenery of larch.

236-247 66
Abstract

The use of compositions based on technical lignins and silicon mineral compositions based on NFC for the production of flame-retardant materials for the processing of wooden structures is a promising direction in the development of "green" technologies. The main mechanism of action of lignin-based compositions is the process of coke formation on the surface of wood due to solid-phase inhibition reactions of the cellulose matrix. The mineral component of these compositions tends to glassy during drying, which changes the specifics of the protective effect of new materials in the process of high-temperature destruction of wood and cellulose, which is part of it. Thus, the aim of the work is to study the thermal stability of wood treated with compositions obtained as a result of modification of lignin with minerals by implementing the sol-gel technology method. The paper defines the fundamental possibility of expanding the range of applications of hybrid products of a new generation with a specific organization of spatial structure in the technology of preparation of fire-resistant wood. Fire protection is provided by establishing a chemical bond with the wood matrix, which closely interacts with lignin, which is coordinatively bound to the aluminum-silicon component of the composition. All the compositions studied provide group I fire-retardant efficiency with a mass loss of less than 9% during testing. According to the results of thermal analysis of all the samples studied, it was found that the sol-gel-treated wood samples behave approximately identically in the temperature range from 100 to 300 C. With a further increase in temperature, there is a smaller decrease in the residual mass in comparison with untreated wood, where there is a more active decomposition of hemicelluloses and cellulose, which are part of the wood, which indicates the fire-retardant properties of the new compositions.

248-263 73
Abstract

The article is devoted to the topic of determining the quality indicators of fiberglass filter materials of the HEPA and ULPA groups for use in personal respiratory protective equipment (PRPE). The paper raises the problem of the lack of manufacture of domestic fiberglass materials. Issues such as the development of domestic fiberglass materials of HEPA, ULPA classes and the need to develop methods for checking the quality of fiberglass material correlating with European ones, training and equipping laboratories for technical control of manufacture were also touched upon. The anti-aerosol filtering properties of fiberglass materials are of interest on the international market and determine a wide range of applications of filter materials. The goal of the presented work is to study the foreign market of filter materials based on fiberglass, to analyze samples of foreign filter materials as a prerequisite for the creation of domestic fiberglass materials and to determine the optimal parameters of the quality indicators of fiberglass materials when used in PRPE. As developers of PRPE, it was interesting for us to choose the optimal variant of the filter material with certain mechanical characteristics, the lowest resistance to air flow and permissible values of the penetration coefficient, focusing on the norms regulated in the technical conditions for industrial PRPE and GOST 12.4.246-2016 for the class of anti-aerosol protection P3. Within the framework of this work, four imported samples were studied. A sample of the brand NERN 1401 with a purification class H14 and filtration efficiency ≥ 99.995% is manufactured in Italy at the production of AhlstromS.p.A. Samples of the brands HB 5593, HB 5793 with a purification class of H13 and a filtration efficiency of ≥ 99.95% and with a purification class of H12 and a filtration efficiency of ≥ 99.5%, respectively, are manufactured in Germany at Hollingsworth&Vose. The sample of the brand C-14 HP with a purification class of H14 and filtration efficiency ≥ 99.995% is manufactured in China, the material is manufactured at ZISUN. The tested samples are mass-produced filter materials from manufacturers. The studied filter materials are widely used in the fields of application of fiberglass materials. According to the test results, it was determined that all the samples studied correspond to the efficiency class declared by the manufacturer. All the materials studied can be used as a basis for the manufacture of a filter element in particle filters, have the ability to corrugate and anti-aerosol protective properties. According to the test results, the level of quality values of the filter material suitable for use in PRPE was determined. The ability to elongate under stretching, strength affect the processes of corrugation and sealing of the anti-aerosol work piece with melt adhesive, and also ensure the quality of the product at a wide temperature range of operation. The smallest thickness of the material allows getting a product with a larger filtration area.



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ISSN 2079-4304 (Print)
ISSN 2658-5871 (Online)